Psychology 1000 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Twin, Lithium Chloride, Collectivism
Bipolar Disorder
• Unipolar depression – a person experiences only depression
• Bipolar disorder – depression alternates with periods of mania (behaviour that is
quite opposite of depression) – a state of highly excited mood and euphoric and
cognitions are flamboyant.
o The person believes there are no limits and does not recognize the negative
consequences
o Manic behaviour is hyperactive, the manic person engages in frenetic activity.
• In a manic state, speech is often rapid or pressured and there comes a lessened need for
sleep
• Manic people may go days without sleep until exhaustion and the main slows down
Prevalence and Course of Mood Disorders:
• No age group is exempt from depression
• The rate of depressive symptoms in children and adolescents is as high as the adult rate
• People born after 1960 are 10 times more likely to develop depression than their
grandparents
• The prevalence of depressive disorders is similar across socio-economic and ethnic
groups, but there is a major sex difference in our culture
• Women are twice as likely as men to suffer from unipolar depression, yet stats are the
same for men and women in regards to bipolar disorder
• Could be due to biochemical differences in the nervous system, or the monthly
premenstrual depression that make women more vulnerable
• There may also be cultural causes
• Most people who suffer depressive episodes never seek treatment
• However, depression usually dissipates over time
• After the initial episode, depression typically lasts on average of 5-10 months when
untreated
• In half of all cases, depression will never recur
• Many other cases show a second pattern: recovery with recurrence.
• These people will remain symptom free for 3 yrs before experiencing another
depressive episode of about the same severity and duration.
• The time interval between episodes of depression usually becomes shorter over the
years
• About 10% of people who have a major depressive episode will not recover and will
remain chronically depression
Casual Factors in Mood Disorders:
Biological Factors:
• Genetic and neurochemical factors have been linked to depression
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