Psychology 1000 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Psychodynamics, Pastoral Counseling, Waking Hours

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Deinstitutionalization
Concern about the inadequacies of mental hospitals, together with the ability of
antipsychotic drugs to normalize patients’ behaviour, resulted in a
deinstitutionalization movement to transfer the primary focus of treatment from
the mental institution to the community
Community mental health centres are designed to provide comprehensive services
to their local communities
Major function is to provide outpatient psychotherapy and counselling so that
clients can remain in their normal social and work environments
Finally, community mental health centres provide education and training, and some
operate as research facilities
Combined with effective drug treatments, the impact of deinstitutionalization on the
treatment of behaviour disorders has been dramatic
Desinstitutionalization movement resulted in an 80% decrease in the number of
institutionalized patients
Concept of community treatment allows people to remain in the social and work
environments and to be treated with minimal disruption of their lives
Requires the availability of high-quality mental health care
However, many communities never were able to fund the needed facilities
As a result, patients released into communities that are ill-prepared to care for their
needs
Result is a revolving door phenomenon, involving repeated rehospitalization
While in the hospital, they respond well to antipsychotic medication and are soon
released back into a community that cannot offer them the care they require
Soon they top taking their medication
Condition deteriorates to the point where they must be hospitalized, and the cycle
continues
Deinstitutionalization can work only if society has the will to make it work
Preventative Mental Health
Successful treatment is one way to reduce the toll of human suffering produced by
failures to adapt
Another way is to try to prevent the development of disorders through
psychological intervention
People may become vulnerable to psychological disorders as the result of situational
factors, personal factors, or both
Prevention can be approached from two perspectives
o Situation-focused prevention…directed at reducing or eliminating the
environmental causes of behaviour disorders or at enhancing situational
factors that help prevent development of disorders. Albee insists that
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PSYCH 1000 Full Course Notes
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Document Summary

Albee insists that prevention must focus on efforts to reduce the stresses of unemployment, economic exploitation, discrimination and poverty: competency-focused personal side. Designed to increase personal resources and coping skills. Focus on strengthening resistance to stress, improving social and vocational competencies, enhancing self-esteem, and helping people to gain the skills needed to build stronger social support systems. Focuses on internal conflict and unconscious factors that underlie maladaptive behaviours: psychoanalysis freud"s theory of personality and the approach to treatment he developed. Resistance: manifested in many different ways: resistance defensive maneuvers that hinder the process of therapy. )t"s a sign that anxiety-arousing sensitive material is being approached. insight and guard against the ultimate resistance: the client"s decision to drop out of important figure from the client"s past. It takes 2 forms: positive transference when a client transfers feelings of intense affection, dependency, or love to the analyst.