Sociology 2205A/B Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Confidence Interval, Z-Dna, Central Limit Theorem
20 Apr 2018
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Pie, bar graph (if there is 4 or more categories) Nominal labels/words, no ranking, ex: sex, marital status. Ordinal labels/words, yes ranking, ex: army rank, attitudes, likert scales. Histogram w/ normal curve or frequency polygon (did(cid:374)"t lear(cid:374)(cid:895) Independent variables represented as x, dependent variables represented as y. Null hypothesis: what is actually tested in a statistical test, (null= no, no difference, no association) Alternate hypothesis: resear(cid:272)h h(cid:455)pothesis, (cid:862)reje(cid:272)tio(cid:374) of the (cid:374)ull (cid:271)uilds up e(cid:448)ide(cid:374)(cid:272)e for the resear(cid:272)h hypothesis. Statistics are mathematical tools used to organize, summarize & manipulate data. Descriptive stats: summarize one variable at a time, summarize the relationship b/w 2 or more variables. Inferential stats: generalize from a sample to a population, pop. includes all cases in which the research is interested, samples include carefully chosen subjects of the pop. Discrete variables: are (cid:373)easured i(cid:374) u(cid:374)its that can"t (cid:271)e su(cid:271)di(cid:448)ided e(cid:454): o(cid:272)(cid:272)upatio(cid:374) Continuous variables: are measured in a unit that can be subdivided ex: yrs of school completed.
