[Sociology 2240E] - Midterm Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam (42 pages long!)
7 Feb 2017
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Industrial revolution was dirty, unequal and oppressive. An attempt to understand the nature of the social world. Belief in observation and reason to create theory. Multiple interpretations of reality, inquiry leading to discussion / debate is what forces us to grow / develop knowledge. Two schools of thought appeared after the french revolution: Liberalism / romanticism: (against power of church / politics social control, fighting rationalism) Modernism: support for tradition, social order (cohesion and control) The philosophes were the intellectuals of the 18th century enlightenment. Few were primarily philosophers; rather, philosophes were public intellectuals who applied reason to the study of many areas of learning, including philosophy, history, science, politics, economics, and social issues. They had a critical eye and looked for weaknesses and failures that needed improvement. They crossed national boundaries and allowed intellectuals to freely exchange ideas exchange boo.
