[HR100] - Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes fot the exam (40 pages long!)

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One of the key world-historical events associated with contemporary challenges to modern enlightenment thought is the rise of fascism and the disaster of the holocaust. Nietzsche and schmitt are two thinkers who are associated (either intentionally or by others) with fascist (and specifically nazi) politics, and each of them challenges some of the core principles of enlightenment thought. Nietzsche challenges enlightenment notions of rationality with his privileging of noble. Mo(cid:396)alit(cid:455) o(cid:448)e(cid:396) la(cid:448)e rese(cid:374)ti(cid:373)e(cid:374)t: to (cid:271)e (cid:374)o(cid:271)le fo(cid:396) nietzs(cid:272)he (cid:373)ea(cid:374)s to a(cid:272)t o(cid:374) o(cid:374)e"s i(cid:373)pulses rather than to scheme and manipulate. Schmitt challenges enlightenment notions of universality by pointing out that inclusivity often creates an even more excluded outsider: Somehow, our contemporary tolerance for others goes hand in hand with the appearance of terrorists and freedom-haters who need to be exterminated. Stop thinking the way you have been thinking, they are not serving you well.

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