[PO263] - Final Exam Guide - Everything you need to know! (29 pages long)

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Pool of possible terms for parts i and ii of exam. Constitutional forms: things that make up the basic rules, and laws within a constitution, conventions, organic structures: (cid:862)a li(cid:448)i(cid:374)g tree(cid:863: (cid:862)the british north a(cid:373)eri(cid:272)a a(cid:272)t pla(cid:374)ted i(cid:374) ca(cid:374)ada a li(cid:448)i(cid:374)g tree (cid:272)apa(cid:271)le of gro(cid:449)th a(cid:374)d e(cid:454)pa(cid:374)sio(cid:374) (cid:449)ithi(cid:374) its (cid:374)atural li(cid:373)its(cid:863) Edwards v. canada (attorney general), 1929 (jcpc) Fiscal federalism: fiscal federalism: three branches, taxation. Provincial government = poor cousins of federal government. Direct tax: taxpayer is taxed directly by the government (income tax) Indirect tax: tax is not collected directly from taxpayers (custom and. Manufacturer/merchant pays tax then passes it down to buyers: federal spending po(cid:449)er (cid:894)otta(cid:449)a(cid:859)s po(cid:449)er to spe(cid:374)d its (cid:373)o(cid:374)e(cid:455) ho(cid:449) it pleases(cid:895) Will provide money for education, will tell provinces how to use the money. This federal spending is known as conditional grant. Unconditional grant: transfer of funds to provinces, with greater provincial discretion on how the money gets used.