PS296 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Null Hypothesis, Standard Score, Standard Deviation

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11 Apr 2018
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Use of the one-sample z-test, the one-sample t-test, the related samples t-test, and the independent samples t-test. The one sample z test is used to determine the likelihood of a sample mean ( x ) having come from (been randomly selected from) a population with a given mean (mu: ) and standard deviation (sigma: ). In other words, it is used to compare a sample mean to a population mean, as indicated in the numerator of the one sample z formula: z = ( x - )/ x . We reject the null, and conclude we have a statistically significant z value and accordingly a significant difference between our sample mean and the population mean, if the probability of our obtained z value is smaller than. 025 for a two tailed test, or smaller than . 05 for a one tailed test (as long as the difference between the score and the population mean is in the hypothesized direction).

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