PS263 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Color Blindness, Closed Head Injury, Ontogeny
Document Summary
Genes come in pairs bc they are aligned along chromosomes that also come in pairs. Gene = part of chromosome, composed of dna, often overlap on chromosome. Order of dna bases determines order of rna bases, rna bases determines order of amino acids that compose a protein. First 22 pairs of chromosomes are autosomal, 23rd pair is sex chromosomes. Sex linked genes = found on either y or x chromosomes (not autosomal), colour blindness gene on y chromosome. Sex limited genes = present in both sexes but active mainly in one, show effects at puberty. Duplication/deletion: part of chromosome that normally appears once during reproduction may appear twice or not at all, microduplication if it happens to just tiny portion of chromosome (possible explanation for schizophrenia) Changes in gene expression, how various experiences can turn a gene on or off. The mechanism behind genetically same individuals in same environment turning out differently.
