PS264 Study Guide - Classical Conditioning, Contingency Management, Enculturation
Document Summary
Motivation the process of starting, directing, and maintaining physical and psychological activities; includes mechanisms involved in preferences for one activity over another and the vigor and persistence of responses. Emotion a complex pattern of changes, including physiological arousal, feelings, cognitive processes, and behavioral reactions, made in response to a situation perceived to be personally significant. Instincts preprogrammed tendencies that are essential to a species"s survival. Drives internal states that arise in response to a disequilibrium in an animal"s physiological needs. Needs: a condition or situation in which something is required or wanted. Reinforcer any stimulus that, when made contingent upon a response, increases the probability of that response. Conditioned reinforcers in classical conditioning, formerly neutral stimuli that have become reinforcers. Conditioned response (cr) in classical conditioning, a response elicited by some previously neutral stimulus that occurs as a result of pairing the neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus.
