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ADMS 4250 Study Guide - Final Guide: Avoidance Speech, Psychographic, Brand Equity

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School
York University
Department
Administrative Studies
Course
ADMS 4250
Professor
Alexander Rusetski

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Document Summary

Applicable costs = variable costs + fixed costs directly attributable to a product. Perceptual mapping: ideal tool to visualize differences between products on the market. Semantic scales: data is collected on various attributes of products or brands. Multidimensional scaling (mds) underlying major dimensions that explain several variables simultaneously. Meaningful facial expression finer segmentation when: customized offerings are possible, customer is diverse preference (perception/attitudes) Most meaningful variable: demographics, purchase behavior/customer life stage to physically identify customer groups. Stability our time. variable variables that explain customer response/significant observable difference. Category pop"s product has everything you want/ it includes all the interest of the buyer. *pod"s should be desirable & deliverable from firms. Anchoring pod"s - attributes (5 blades), benefits (smooth shave), values (freedom, love). Positioning statement to (target group and need) our (brand) is (concept or frame of reference) that (point of difference). Innovations: transformational ( create new market), substantial (new products with existing needs), incremental (modification than the competitor.

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Related Questions

The Hampshire Company manufactures umbrellas that sell for$12.50 each. In 2014, the company made and sold 60,000 umbrellas.The company had fixed manufacturing costs of $216,000. It also hadfixed costs for administration of $79,525. The per-unit costs ofeach umbrella are as follows:

Direct Materials: $3.00

Direct Labor: $1.50

Variable Manufacturing Overhead: $0.40

Variable Selling Expenses: $1.10

Using the information above, perform a cost-volume-profit (CVP)analysis by completing the steps below.

1. Compute net income before tax.

2. Compute the unit contribution margin in dollars and thecontribution margin ratio for one umbrella.

3. Calculate the break-even point in units and dollars ofrevenue.

4. Calculate the margin of safety:

In units

In sales dollars

As a percentage

5. Calculate the degree of operating leverage.

6. Assume that sales will increase by 20% in 2015. Calculate thepercentage of before-tax income for this increase. Providecalculations to prove that your percentage increase is correctbased on the operating leverage calculated in step 5.

7. Compute the number of umbrellas that Hampshire is required tosell if it plans to earn $150,000 in income before taxes by usingthe target income formula. Proof your calculation.

8. A company that specializes in tours in England has offered topurchase 5,000 umbrellas at $11 each from Hampshire. The variableselling costs of these additional units will be $1.30 as opposed to$1.10 per unit. Also, this production activity will incur another$15,000 of fixed administrative costs. Should Hampshire agree tosell these additional 5,000 umbrellas to the touring business?Provide calculations to support your decision.

Requirement 1
Units Price Totals
Sales X $ $
Variable Costs X $ $
Fixed Costs $
Net Income $
Requirement 2
Contribution Margin per Unitin Dollars = Selling Price – Variable Costs
Selling Price Variable Costs Contribution Margin per Unit
Contribution Margin Ratio =Contribution Margin/Selling Price
Contribution Margin Selling Price Contribution Margin Ratio
Requirement 3
Break-Even Point = Fixed Costs/ Contribution Margin
Fixed Costs Contribution Margin Break-Even Point in Units (Rounded)
Break-Even Point in Units XSelling Price per Unit = Break-Even Point Sales
Break-Even Point in Units Selling Price per Unit Break-Even Point in Sales (Rounded)
Requirement 4A
Margin of Safety in Units =Current Unit Sales – Break-Even Point in Unit Sales
Current Unit Sales Break-Even Point in Sales Margin of Safety in Units
Requirement 4B
Margin of Safety in Dollars =Current Sales in Dollars – Break-Even Point Sales in Dollars
Current Sales in Dollars Break-Even Point in Dollars Margin of Safety in Dollars
Requirement 4C
Margin of Safety as aPercentage = Margin of Sales in Units / Current Unit Sales
Margin of Safety in Units Current Unit Sales Margin of Safety Percentage
Requirement 5
Degree of Operating Leverage =Contribution Margin / Operating Income
Contribution Margin Operating Income Operating Leverage
Requirement 6
Units $ Per Unit Totals
Sales X $ $
Variable Costs X $ $
Fixed Costs $
Net Income $
Operating Leverage Times % Increase Increase would be XX%
Prior Income $ From Part 1
Increase $ Prior Income X XX% Above
Total $
Requirement 7
Targeted Income = (Fixed Costs+ Target Income) / Contribution Margin
Fixed Costs + Target Income Divided by Contribution Margin # of Units (Rounded)
Fixed Costs $
Target Income $
Total $ $ X
# of Units Above X $ Per Unit
Proof Revenue XX,XXX X $XX.XX $
Variable Costs XX,XXX X $X.XX $
Contribution Margin $
Fixed Costs $
Net Income $
Requirement 8
Sales Mix
Current Specialty Total
Expected Sales Units X X
Revenue = Sales X Price $ $ $
Variable Costs X Units $ $ $
Contribution Margin $ $ $
Fixed Costs $ $ $
Operating Income $
Prior Net Income FromRequirement 1 $
Additional Operating Income (Operating Income Above Less Prior Income) $
Decision With Explanation

Fill in the remaining boxes and write short response toquestion.

Company Name McDonald's Wendy's YUM! Industry
Average
Market Price of Common Stock (Stock Price) $35.0 $31.0 $45.0 $37.0
Revenue (Sales) $22,151.0 $3,550.0 $8,380.0 $11,360.3
Cost of Goods Sold $7,384.1 $2,299.6 $3,940.0 $4,541.2
Gross Profit $14,766.9 $1,250.4 $4,440.0 $6,819.1
SG&A Expense $5,776.0 $261.1 $3,005.0 $3,014.0
Depreciation + amortization $1,148.2 $167.8 $401.0 $572.3
Operating Income (EBIT) Earnings before interest and taxes $7,842.7 $821.5 $1,034.0 $3,232.7
Interest Expense $467.1 $48.5 $164.5 $226.7
Net Profits After Tax $1,675.0 $236.0 $617.0 $842.7
3-5 Year Growth Rate In Earnings 15.00 8.00 7.00 10.00
Cash $492.8 $171.2 $192.0 $285.3
Accounts Receivables $734.5 $124.0 $169.0 $342.5
Inventory $129.4 $54.4 $67.0 $83.6
Total Current Assets $6,500.0 $1,235.0 $1,485.0 $3,073.3
Total Assets $28,524.0 $3,164.0 $6,500.0 $12,729.3
Short Term Debt $388.0 $50.9 $10.0 $149.6
Total Current Liabilities $2,485.8 $528.5 $1,461.0 $1,491.8
Long Term Debt $9,342.5 $692.6 $2,056.0 $4,030.4
Total Liabilities (Total Debt) $11,828.3 $1,221.1 $3,517.0 $5,522.1
Stockholders Equity $16,695.7 $1,942.9 $2,983.0 $7,207.2
Annual Dividends paid to common stock $578 $54.0 $125 $252
Preferred Dividends $0.0 $0.0 $0.0 $0.0
# of Common Shares Outstanding 1,154.0 114.7 292.0 520.2
Financial Ratio's McDonald's Wendy's YUM! Average
Liquidity
Current Ratio 2.61 2.34 1.02 1.99
Quick Ratio 2.56 2.23 0.97 1.92
Asset Activity
Accounts Rec. Turnover
Inventory Turnover
Total Asset Turnover
Debt
Total Debt to Equity
Equity Multiplier
Times Interest Earned
Profitability
Gross Profit Margin
Operating Profit Margin
Net Profit Margin
(ROA) Return On Assets
(ROE) Return On Equity
Market Value
EPS
P/E
PEG Ratio
Dividends Per Share
Dividend Payout Ratio
Book Value Per Share
Price to Book Value
Market Capitalization
Cash Per Share
Revenue Per Share

Based on the Financial Ratio's, which company do you fell is thebest investment?

(enter answer in this textbox) (must be 100 words or more)

E13-5 Matching Each Ratio with Its Computational Formula LO 13-4, 13-5, 13-6, 13-7
Match each definition with its related ratios or percentages by selecting the appropriate letter in the drop down provided.
Definitions: Ratios or Percentages Definitions
A. Net Income (before extraordinary items) ÷ Net Sales 1 Profit margin
B. Days in Year ÷ Receivable Turnover ratio 2 Inventory turnover ratio
C. Net Income ÷ Average Stockholders’ Equity 3 Average collection period
D. Net Income ÷ Average Number of Shares of Common Stock Outstanding 4 Dividend yield ratio
E. Return on Equity − Return on Assets 5 Return on equity
F. Quick Assets ÷ Current Liabilities 6 Current ratio
G. Current Assets ÷ Current Liabilities 7 Debt-to-equity ratio
H. Cost of Goods Sold ÷ Average Inventory 8 Price/earnings ratio
I. Net Credit Sales ÷ Average Net Receivables 9 Financial leverage percentage E
J. Days in Year ÷ Inventory Turnover Ratio 10 Receivable turnover ratio
K. Total Liabilities ÷ Stockholders’ Equity 11 Average days’ supply of inventory
L. Dividends per Share ÷ Market Price per Share 12 Earnings per share
M. Market Price per Share ÷ Earnings per Share 13 Return on assets
N. [Net Income + Interest Expense (net of tax)] ÷ Average Total Assets 14 Quick ratio
O. Cash from Operating Activities (before interest and taxes) ÷ Interest Paid 15 Times interest earned
P. Net Sales Revenue ÷ Net Fixed Assets 16 Cash coverage ratio
Q. (Net Income + Interest Expense + Income Tax Expense) ÷ Interest Expense 17 Fixed asset turnover ratio