BIOL 1000 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Thylakoid, Atp Synthase, Accessory Pigment

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lavendershark790

12 Nov 2016

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Chlorophyll: it"s a gree(cid:374) light a(cid:271)sor(cid:271)i(cid:374)g pig(cid:373)e(cid:374)t i(cid:374) lea(cid:448)es. Its gree(cid:374) (cid:271)e(cid:272)ause the pig(cid:373)e(cid:374)ts do not strongly absorb wavelengths of the green colour. Its essential in photosynthesis to absorb energy of a photon. Chlorophyll molecules are arranged in a photosystem that"re embedded in thylakoid membranes. Primary electron acceptor: its an oxidizing agent in reaction center of chlorophyll. It received an excited electron from reaction center. Accessory pigments: the(cid:455)"re light absorbing compounds, found in photosynthetic organisms. Chlorophyll b & carotenoids are common accessory pigments. The increase the range of wavelengths which plant can absorb. It allows to harvest more energy of light. Absorption spectrum: spectrum of electromagnetic radiation transmitted through a substance, showing dark lines to show absorption of a specific wavelengths. Action spectrum: it revels which wavelengths work best for photosynthesis. Photosystem i: its an integral membrane protein complex that uses light energy to mediate electron transfer from plantacyanin to ferredoxin. Photosystem ii: optimally absorbs photons of wavelengths 680nm.

Related Questions

35. During the complete catabolism of glucose, CO2 is released during ____ (note: Krebs cycle = citric acid cycle)
A. glycolysis only
B. Krebs cycle only
C. Krebs cycle and oxidation of pyruvate
D. oxidation of pyruvate only
E. Krebs cycle, glycolysis and oxidation of pyruvate

36. A reaction center, a primary electron acceptor and many chlorophyll molecules are all components of a/an _________ .
A. fluorescence center
B. photosystem
C. electron transport chain
D. carbon-fixation unit
E. electromagnetic spectrum

37. Which of the following generates the most reducing power?
A. anabolism of isoleucine
B. Calvin cycle
C. glycolysis
D. citric acid cycle
E. Hobbes reactions

38. After completion of the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle), most of the usable energy from the original glucose molecule is in the form of _____.

A. acetyl CoA
B. ATP
C. NADH
D. CO2
E. FADH2

39. The light reactions of photosynthesis occur in:
A. all membranes of the chloroplast
B. the stroma
C. the matrix
D. the tonoplast membrane
E. thylakoid membranes

40. When chloroplasts are illuminated with white light, chlorophyll primarily absorbs:
A. photons of all wavelengths
B. green light only
C. red light only
D. blue light only
E. red and blue light

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Photosynthesis

Light Reactions:

Photosynthesis is the process of reducing/oxidizing (circle one) _____________________ to produce ___________________. This overall reduction-oxidation reaction requires _________________ to begin the flow of __________________. Photosynthetic ____________________ absorb light energy and are located in ___________________ found embedded within the membranes of __________________. The most prevalent one include the ___________________ which reflect ________________ light and absorb the other wavelengths of light. Accessory pigments include ___________________. When light energy is absorbed in photosynthesis, electrons of pigment molecules become _________________ and move into higher potential energy _______________. When the electrons return to their previous position, _____________ is passed to the ______________________ pigment molecule. Electrons within this pigment molecule move to a high potential energy state and are âgrabbedâ by _________________________ chains. Electrons from photosystem II are passed to ______________________. Electrons from photosystem I are passed to _________________. As electrons move in the electron transport chain associated with photosystem I/II (circle one), the energy released is used to power ___________ pumps and __________ is produced via a process known as ________________________. Photosystem I/II (circle one) electrons must be replaced to continue the reaction so ____________ is split for its electrons. The products _______________ & _______________ then proceed to the ______________________ cycle.

Calvin Cycle:

The Calvin Cycle can be broken into 3 main series of reactions. In the first group, known as the __________________ step, ______________________ combines with 3 molecules of ____________________ to form 6 molecules of _____________________. This reaction is catalyzed by ___________________. ________________ can act as a competitive inhibitor of this enzyme, shutting down this step in a process known as ______________________________. In the second series of reactions known as the __________________ steps, the molecules produced in the previous step get oxidized/reduced (circle one). The source of electrons is _________from the light reactions. This step is endergonic/exergonic (circle one) and thus requires _______ from the light reactions. Six molecules of _____________________ are produced, ______ (#) of which will continue in biosynthetic pathways to produce __________________. The remaining molecules will then enter the ______________________ steps which require _____________ from the light reaction. In this step, 3 molecules of _______________ are produced so that this cyclic reaction can continue.

BIOL 1000 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Thylakoid, Atp Synthase, Accessory Pigment

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