BIOL 2021 Study Guide - Final Guide: Laminin, Prophase, Mechanotransduction
Document Summary
Yeast mutants called cdc cell division cycle. Checkpoints: *start: enter cell cycle if conditions are favorable, g2/m transition entry into mitosis - if conditions are favorable, dna replicated, metaphase-anaphase transition - trigger anaphase if chromosome attached to spindle. Cyclical changes in cdk activate cyclin: small proteins, activate cdk causes changes in cdk activity. When g1/s cyclin is high g1-cdk is active. When s-cyclin is high s-cdk is active - When m-cyclin is high m-cdk is active. High in s, g2 and early m: m-cdk: entry into mitosis, drops in mid-mitosis. Regulation of cdk: mainly use cyclin levels, 17-13: phosphorylation events: Cdc 25 phosphatase removes phosphate and activates cdk. Apc takes ubiquitin complex and sticks it on a protein which marks it for destruction. Ubiquitin ligase = transfers ubiquitin to proteins to be marked for destruction. Securin: protein that holds chromatins together during early mitosis, for anaphase to go, securing must be gone destruction allows chromosome separation.
