MODR 1711 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Logical Connective, Truth Table, Empty Set

• School: York University
• Department: Modes Of Reasoning
• Course: MODR 1711
• Professor: Tony Kostromon

Document Summary

Categorical propositions (p. 170-81: theory of deduction. Deduction: an argument whose premises are claimed to provide conclusive grounds for the truth of its conclusion. Valid: a characteristic of any deductive argument whose premises, if they were all true, would provide conclusive grounds for the truth of its conclusion. If claim is correct (premises of argument assure truth of conclusion) then that deductive argument is valid. Every deductive argument is either valid or invalid. If valid, it is impossible for its premises to be true without its conclusion also being true. Theory of deduction aims to explain 1) the relations of premises and conclusion in valid arguments and 2) to provide techniques to differentiate between valid and invalid deductions. Two theories have been developed to differentiate between valid and invalid: classical logic/aristotelian logic, modern logic/modern symbolic logic, classes and categorical propositions. Class: the collection of all objects that have some specified characteristic in common.