GLY 2250- Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 98 pages long!)
Document Summary
Igneous: quartz, mica, feldspars, volcanic ash, obsidian, pumice, tuff, granite, rhyolite, basalt, Sedimentary: fine-grained limestone, oolite, coarse-grained limestone, dolomite, peat, lignite, soft coal, chert (flint), gypsum, halite, shale, siltstone, sandstone, conglomerate. Metamorphic: marble, quartzite, gneiss, schist, slate, hard coal. Major mineral groups: silicates, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, halides, oxides, sulfides, An element consists of a unique kind of atom. Isotopes of an element have distinctive atomic weights. Stable isotopes: nonradioactive isotope shed light on aspects of earth history including (cid:272)o(cid:373)positio(cid:374) of ea(cid:396)th"s at(cid:373)osphe(cid:396)e. Minerals made of molecules, the basic unit of a chemical compound. Halite: rock salt nacl when occurring in nature. Chemical bonds: electrons produce attachments b/w atoms molecules tend to be more stable with outer shell fill to eight electrons (octet rule) Ionic bond: one atom loses an electron to another atom (nacl) causes each atom in the bond to have a charge imbalance.
