PH101- Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 23 pages long!)
Document Summary
Study guide: l. mackie"s the subjectivity of values. First order and second order moral views: first order moral views. "the perso(cid:374) (cid:449)ho adopts the(cid:373) is taki(cid:374)g a (cid:272)ertai(cid:374) pra(cid:272)ti(cid:272)al, (cid:374)or(cid:373)ati(cid:448)e, sta(cid:374)d" (234) Such views are thus concerned with the moral status of some particular action or judgment: second order moral views. " a (cid:448)ie(cid:449) a(cid:271)out the status of (cid:373)oral (cid:448)alues a(cid:374)d the (cid:374)ature of (cid:373)oral (cid:448)alui(cid:374)g " (234) These are theoretical views about the adequacy of a moral system: when mackie suggests in his paper is a second-order view, moral scepticism, a "negative" doctrine. "it says what there isn"t, not what there is" (235) It is an ontological thesis: hypothetical and categorical imperatives. A categorical imperative is desire-independent and impersonally valid. A hypothetical imperative is instrumentally valid: according to mackie there are no categorical imperatives, moral scepticism as an "error theory, ma(cid:272)kie (cid:271)elie(cid:448)es that " ordi(cid:374)ary (cid:373)oral judgments include a claim to objectivity"
