CAS BI 216- Midterm Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 15 pages long!)
13 Oct 2017
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Document Summary
Lactose operon: lactose: disaccharide; glucose+galactose, metabolism in bacteria: (e. coli) Arabinose operon: arabinose, (-arabinose)= arac = control protein in operon, forms loop with arai1 and arao2 = off, +arabinose (-glucose)= arac dimerizes and binds arai1/arai2, contacts rnap, promotes tx = on. Transcription: promoter: where rnap binds to start mrna synthesis (also rrna, trna, consensus sequences: are recognized by rnap (focus on bacteria) Therefore, messenger rna sequence is similar to the non-transcribed strand (with exception of uracil in. Dna damage results from spontaneous events, chemical or radiation damage: dna repair removes damage, types of mutations, base substitutions, transition (pu-> pu) Purines = a+g; pyrimidines = (c+g) (therefore2 types only: transversion (pu -> py) 03/23/17: methylating/ethylating dna damage, dna damage ethylating agent diethyl nitrosamine, causes bases to pair with wrong complementary base pair (ex/ ethylated guanine pairs with thymine, direct reversal dna repair: no nucleotides removed. Purine (one ring): a or g; two hydrogen bonds.
