COSI 29A- Midterm Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 13 pages long!)
Document Summary
Propositional calculus: propositions are statements that are either true or false, ex. Go to college" and do you go to college" are not propositions: propositional calculus is a language for formulating propositions that consist of: variables (p, q, r . that denote arbitrary propositions (or specific propositions), ex. p = The moon is made of cheese, constants (t, f) that are the values of propositions, and compound propositions: negation, conjunction (^) denotes and", disjunction denotes. Or", exclusive or, implications (if p then q), and biconditionals (p if and only if q). Implications: alterations of p q include: q p is the converse of p q, and q q is the contrapositive of p q. Precedence rules: the highest level of precedence belongs to negation and is then followed by conjunction, disjunction, exclusive or, and implications. The lowest level of precedence belongs to biconditionals.