BIOL 4670- Midterm Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 85 pages long!)

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16 Feb 2018
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As we age, red marrow function decreases and is replace by fatty tissue yellow marrow: within spleen or liver extramedullary. Alterations in ratio anemia: normal cellularity in bone marrow is about 50% cells and 50% fat (normocellular marrow) Hypercellular marrow increases number of cells. Hypoecellular marrow decreased number of cells. Releases bilirubin, iron, and globin by-products to be recycled. Unipotential committed are specific to each cell linage: receptors for specific gfs and respond by division and maturation (precursor stages, under normal conditions only differentiated end-stage cells are released in circulation. Abnormal requirements liver and spleen can reactivate. Based on hgb content: biconcave disc optimal for oxygen transport, not rigid survival determined based on maintaining shape. Abnormally shaped rbc do not survive 120 days sickle cell. Institution-established reference ranges vary with age, sex, geographical location, and/or testing procedure: erythrocyte measurements, total rbc, hgb concentration and hct, values parallel each other, normal values within the reference range for sex and age.

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