ASTR 1000 Midterm: ASTR1000 TEST 3 STUDY GUIDE

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Three characteristics that influence geological history: planetary size (internal heat, small planets = cold, so no volcanoes or tectonics, volcanism requires internal heat, tidal forcing of the moons causes friction, which causes volcanism & tectonics, e. g. Io and europa: venus = volcanically active, but no evidence of plate tectonics (due to lack of oceans?, distance from sun, rotation rate. Solar luminosity: source of solar luminosity, in past, there were two theories, is the sun on fire? (then it would be ~10,000 years old, is it the heat of gravitational contractions? (then it would be. ~25,000,000 years old: nuclear fusion smaller nuclei stick together to make a bigger one, source of energy for the sun, ex. The sun, modern thermonuclear weapons: nuclear potential energy (the sun is about ~10,000,000,000 years old, pp-chain proton-proton (or hydrogen) fusion process that powers the sun, nuclear fission big nucleus splits into smaller pieces, releases energy, ex.

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