EBIO 1220 Midterm: Bio Exam 1
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16 Feb 2017
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Descent with modification species over time evolve and change and they come from the common ancestors. Natural selection evolutionary process by which individuals with certain heritable traits leave more offspring that individuals with other traits. Adaptations characteristics that enhance an organism"s survival and reproduction. Change over time in a population"s genetic makeup. Evidence modern organisms differ from recent fossil organism. Some variations are heritable (can be passed down) Some traits help you survive better than others. Challenges to survival and reproduction + heritable variation in traits affecting survival and reproduction = traits that confer survival and reproduction advantages will increase frequency in a population. Genetic change is the source of variation. Mutation random introduction to a new allele. Recombination introduction of a new allele via sexual reproduction. Genetic drift random fixation or loss of alleles in a population due to change.
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Describe the theory of natural selection Which of thefollowing BEST describes the theory of natural selection? CHOOSEONE
1 The genetic make-up of apopulation gradually changes from one generation to the next. | |
2 Living organisms change overtime. | |
3 Each species produces many moreoffspring than can survive long enough to reproduce. The offspringthat do survive contain genes that are inherited from theparents. | |
4 There is variation among themembers of a species. Some of this variation is geneticallydetermined and so can be passed on to future generations. | |
5 Some individuals have genes thatincrease their chances for survival and reproduction. Theseindividuals are more likely to reproduce and pass on their genes,causing their genes to become more common in the nextgeneration. | |
6 There is a struggle for existenceamong the members of a population. |
Which statement about evolution by natural selection isfalse?
Natural selection allows organisms with higher fitness toreproduce more successfully. |
Natural selection favors those traits that confer higherfitness in the environment. |
Natural selection is a random change in characteristics of apopulation over generations. |
Evolution by natural selection affects populations oforganisms, not individual organisms. |
An organism's fitness depends on its _____.
ability to survive and reproduce |
ability to swap genetic material with other organisms |
physical size |
ability to mutate |
population |
Consider the heavily armored stickleback fish population thatcolonized the lake. If all the individuals in that population weregenetically identical, what do you predict would happen when theycolonized the freshwater lake?
The population would increase, as it has increased foodresources. |
The population would evolve through natural selection to bebetter adapted to its environment. |
The population would decrease due to more juvenile fish beingeaten. |
No answer text provided. |
Which of the following are adaptations?
Thicker beaks on finches that allows them to eat large seeds,when large seeds are the most abundant. |
Less armor on stickleback fish in freshwater that allows themto grow faster to avoid predation. |
More armor on stickleback fish in the ocean that prevents themfrom being eaten by larger predators. |
None of the above. |
All of the above. |