PSYC 2145 Study Guide - Final Guide: Simple Cell, Carl Wernicke, Resting Potential
Document Summary
Things in bold should be looked up and studied further! Reasoning the process of drawing conclusions. Cognitive processes by which people start with some information and come to conclusions that go beyond that information. Decisions the process of making choices between (reasoning about) alternatives. Starts from premises (initial statement of truth") Conclusions drawn must be true, given premises. Draw an inference = generalize to unknown instances. Unlike deduction, inferential conclusion are not necessarily true. Deductive reasoning: if the two premises are true all conclusions are true. Inductive reasoning: if the two premises are true evidence suggests that the conclusion is true. Syllogism is valid if conclusion follows logically from its two premises. If two premises of a valid syllogism are true, the syllogism conclusions must be true. Equivalently: if a syllogism is valid, then the conclusion is true in all those cases in which the premises are true. Knowledge and context can strongly influence reasoning.
