CLAS 3031 Study Guide - Fall 2019, Comprehensive Final Exam Notes - Sparta, City, Ancient Greece

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CLAS 3031
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Geography of Sparta
-not deep river that you can walk across
-modest/limited amt of water
-village built around water
-not tall but steep mtns
Mycenaean (NE of Sparta on Peloponnese peninsula)
-1st Greece civilization
-palace civilization: citadel, wall, "cities"
-Ayios Vasllos M. Palace (18th - 14th BCE)
-at that time a pretty big town
-political civilization where elite warrior protect ppl in return of tax (wheats etc)
-monumental grave builder
-highly specialized
-land: linear B quazi salabic scripts expresses Greek word
-1600 -1200BCE spectacularly collapses, a system collapses
-Invasion theory- return of Dorian Greece, not lots of evidence (not a lot of weapons from
foreign, no material maintain if battle field should be able to locate signs)
Civilization
-specialization of labor
-certain population density, self sufficient
-settlement (Mycenaean no resettlement after collapses, nominal lifestyle)
-citadel, military security --> protection --> development, arts, architecture , specialization
Pastoralists having sheep and goats, security, on the move, problem: no civilization
-Tocharians who got wiped way and never bounce back:
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Sparta got back together and build a civilized order life
-people bury in community center: dig a place in central park and dig a grave
-subsistent level of existence, farming, isolated to stay out of danger, see neighbors
-90 percent of ppl has something to do with agriculture
-pottery, people in organized customs, ivories (not local to Greece) luxury item, lead and iron (import
goods--> trade and community)
Homeric poems as exaggerations
Odyssey: to what degree is it fictional and historical?
-Pilot city?
Trojan War:
-Hellen, most beautiful Greece women, Spartan win, one guy takes Hellen in Troy,
-Odysseus, Greek hero, 10 yrs back to Penelope
-take Hellen back to Sparta
-Agamemnon
Spartan-down south,
Athens-up
4 major ethnics of Greece:
-more than regional dialect (difference) but they can understand each other
Adultery is a flip side of murder: (real big deal in Sparta)
-adultery question paternity, genetics, that submerges family line
-nature of its reproductive arrangement, habits
-burial customs
Migration: Dorians and Ionians
Spartan got many of its institution from Dorian Creeks
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