PSYC 1200 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Time-Sharing, Explicit Memory, Lie Detection

• School: Fordham University
• Department: Psychology
• Course: PSYC 1200
• Professor: Minami Haruka

Document Summary

James-lange theory, cannon-bard theory, schacter"s two-factor theory. Mostpeoplearenotgoodatdetectinglies: nonverbal leakage, illustrators, manipulators, emblems: Nonverbal expression of emotion: lying and lie detection o. Whathappinessisgoodfor: mayproduceenduringphysicalandpsychologicalbenefits, broaden and build theorysayspositiveaffect(joy,enthusiasm,excitement, happiness)predisposesustothinkmoreopenly,allowingustoseethe big picture, optimismmakeslifeeasier. Whatmakesushappy: lotsofmisconceptions(primedeterminantiswhathappenstous,money makesushappy,happinessdeclinesinoldage,peopleonthewestcoastare thehappiest, thingsthatarerelatedtohappinessincludebeingmarried,havingmany friends,graduatingcollege,beingdeeplyreligious,politicalaffiliation, exercise,levelofgratitude,lifeexperience,beinginthemidstofflow. Forecastinghappiness: weareverybadat affective forecasting,displayingaconsistent durability, ourmoodstendtoadapttoexternalcircumstances(hedonic treadmill, webounceupanddownhappiness setpoint butrarelymoveforgood. Self-esteem: aperson"sevaluationoftheirworth, manypoppsychsourcescitelowself-esteemasthecauseof all unhappinessandmisery, noscientificevidenceforthis:singlevariableexplanationandlow relationshiptosuccess, highself-esteemisassociatedwithgreaterinitiative,persistence,and resilience, relatedtopositiveillusions,thetendencytoperceiveourselvesmore positivelythanothersdo. Motivationsaredrives(theneeds,wants,interest,anddesires)thatpropelpeople towardbehavior: adriveisaninternalstateoftension(disequilibrium)whichmotivatethe individualtoengageinbehaviortoreducethistension(drive reduction), theoryproposingthatcertaindrivesmotivateustoactinwaysthat minimizeaversivestates. (hunger,thirst,andsexualfrustration, weareattemptingtomaintainalevelofpsychological homeostasis. The motivation of hunger and eating/obesity o o. Intrinsicvs extrinsicmotivations: primary(biological)andsecondary(psychological, maslow"shierarchyofneeds, neuralcircuitrymoreimportantthananatomicalstructuresinregulationof hunger, hypothalamus(paraventricularnucleusofhypothalamus,lateral. Leptin:releasedprovidesinformationtobrainaboutbodyfatstores andprovideslong-termregulationofhunger: learnedpreferencesalsoregulatehunger, foodavailabilityinfluenceshunger(palatability,quantityavailable,variety, presenceofothers, leptin, geneticpredisposition. The roots of obesity o o o o o. Sexualorientation: homosexualbehaviorhasbeendocumentedinover450species, approximately2. 2%ofmalesand2. 4%offemalesidentifyasgay,lesbian,or bisexual, evidencefromtwinstudiesshowthatgenesinfluencesexualorientation, possibleinfluenceofregionsinhypothalamus, largercorpuscallosuminhomosexuals. Chapter5(variationsinconsciousness): awake:low-voltage,high-frequencybetawaves, drowsy:alphawavesprominent, stage1sleep:thetawavesprominent, stage2sleep:sleepspindlesandmixedeegactivity, stage3and4sleep(slow-wavesleep)progressivelymoredeltawaves, remsleep:low-voltage,highfrequencywaves. Stages of sleep: freud"s dream protection theory. Myth5:peopleforgetwhathappensduringhypnosis: rareandmostlylimitedtopeoplewhoexpecttobeamnesicfollowing hypnosis o o o o. Substance use disorder significantimpairmentordistressoccurswithdruguse. (often)involvestoleranceandwithdrawal tolerance moreofthedrugisneededtoachieveintoxication: withdrawal physicalsymptomswhenuseisstoppedorreduced, occurrenceofwithdrawalsymptoms, drugisusedtoavoidwithdrawalsymptoms, toleranceoftenprecedesphysicaldependence, highfrequencyofdruguse(despitenegativeconsequences, druguseismotivatedbycravings(withoutwd, druguseisreinforcedbyitsconsequences. Stimulants o o o o: psychedelics, narcotics (opiates)