BISC 3166- Midterm Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 99 pages long!)
Document Summary
Lecture 1 homeostasis and membrane transport: homeostasis the state of maintaining relatively, not absolutely, constant internal conditions. Internal environment temperature, volume and composition of intracellular and extracellular fluid. Environment fluid fluid: homeostasis depends on mass balance. Mass balance = existing + intake or - excretion or. Body load metabolic metabolic production removal: control systems: Signal center signal: reflexes use long distance signaling mediated by neurons of the nervous system, negative feedback loops are homeostatic, positive feedback loops are not but some show up in physiological systems - birth. 6. 1: long distance cell-cell chemical and/or electrical, hormones- secreted by endocrine glands or cells into the blood. Only target cells with receptors for the hormone will respond to the signal: neurotransmitters- chemicals secreted by neurons that diffuse across a small gap to the target cell. Neurons use electrical signals as well: neuro- hormones- chemicals released by neurons into the blood for action at distant targets. 6-6b signal amplification: components of the pathway:
