BIOS-1113 Study Guide - Fall 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Muscle, Bone, Vertebra
12 Oct 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
BIOS-1113
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
Bios 1113
Chapter One…
Anatomy
Science of body structures and the relationships among them.
Physiology
Science of body functions- how body parts work.
Levels of structures in the human body.
Chemical, Cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism
11 systems of the human body
Integumentary, Skeletal, Muscular, Nervous, Endocrine, Cardiovascular, Lymphatic and
Immunity, Respiratory, Digestive, Urinary, and Reproductive.
Integumentary System
Skin and associated structures, such as hair, fingernails and toenails, sweat glands, and oil
glands.
Skeletal System
Bones and joints of the body and their associated cartilages.
Muscular System
Specifically, skeletal muscle tissue- muscle usually attached to bones (other muscle tissues
include smooth and cardiac).
Nervous System
Brain, spinal cord, nerves, and special sense organs, such as eyes and ears.
Endocrine System
Hormone producing glands (pineal gland, hypothalamus, pituatary gland, thymus, thyroid gland,
parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, and testes) and hormone-producing cells in
several other organs.
Cardiovascular System
Blood, heart, and blood vessels.
find more resources at oneclass.com
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Lymphatic System and Immunity
Lymphatic fluid and vessels; spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, and tonsils; cells that carry out
immune responses (B cells, T cells, and others).
Respiratory System
Lung and air passages such as the pharynx (throat), Larynx (voice box), trachea (windpipe), and
bronchial tubes leading into and out of lungs.
Digestive Sysyem
Organs of gastrointestinal tract, a long tube that includes the mouth, pharynx (throat), esophagus
(food tube), stomach, small and large intestines, and anus; also includes accessory organs that
assist in digestive processes, such as salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.
Urinary System
Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra.
Reproductive Systems
Gonads (testes in males and ovaries in femals) and associated organs (uterine tubes or fallopian
tubes, uterus, vagina, and mammary glands in females and epididymis, ductus, or vas deferens,
seminal vesicles, prostate, and penis in males).
Basic Life Processes
Metabolism, Responsiveness, Movement, Growth, Differentiation, Reproduction
Metabolism
the sum of all chemical processes that occur in the body.
Catabolism
Throwing down, the breakdown of complex chemical substances into simpler components.
Anabolism
The building up of complex chemical substances from smaller, simpler components.
Responsiveness
The body's ability to detect and respond to changes.
Movement
Motion of the whole body, individual organs, single cells, and tiny structures inside cells.
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Science of body structures and the relationships among them. Science of body functions- how body parts work. Integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic and. Skin and associated structures, such as hair, fingernails and toenails, sweat glands, and oil glands. Bones and joints of the body and their associated cartilages. Specifically, skeletal muscle tissue- muscle usually attached to bones (other muscle tissues include smooth and cardiac). Brain, spinal cord, nerves, and special sense organs, such as eyes and ears. Hormone producing glands (pineal gland, hypothalamus, pituatary gland, thymus, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, and testes) and hormone-producing cells in several other organs. Lymphatic fluid and vessels; spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, and tonsils; cells that carry out immune responses (b cells, t cells, and others). Lung and air passages such as the pharynx (throat), larynx (voice box), trachea (windpipe), and bronchial tubes leading into and out of lungs.
