ANT 102 Study Guide - Final Guide: Paranthropus, Homo Erectus, Homo Rudolfensis
Document Summary
Late miocene - climatic shift to be dryer, cooler. Equatorial africa - unbroken forest to open parkland. Many ape extinctions but new habitat opportunities. That is, what features are still ape, what. Mosaic : it has a little bit of ape, human, and unique features. Cranial capacity absolutely small, but somewhat larger than chimp. Basin shaped pelvis, angled femur, big toe aligned. Big cheek teeth with thick molar enamel. What is the evolutionary consequence of the robust forms (hint: extinction). Graciles vs robusts: sagittal crest: ridge on top of the cranium - extra room for attachment area for chewing muscles, gracile: no crest, robust: have crest, cheeks, gracile: muzzle-like face, robust, wide cheek bones ii. iii, brain case. Forward flared cheek bones for more attachment area for chewing muscles: gracile: more forward, robust: posterior positioned brain case, teeth, gracile: compare to robust, robust: have larger posterior tooth size and premolar size.