PHIL 230 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Practical Ethics, Medtronic, Whole Foods Market

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"is" - fact stating: you ought to refrain form torturing innocents for fun. "you ought to stand in line for bieber tickets: apply because of desire, categorical: moral norms apply to all people, even those who don"t care about morality. Its about rules, norms; gives guidance for action: categorical, morality apples even to those who don"t care about it, specific reactions are justified, such as blame and punisment. Most people want to live morally good and decent lives. Reasons --> decisions --> actions --> good life. An action is something that results from a certain type of process. Hypothesis: by finding better reasons, we can live better lives. Philosophers try to identify good oral reasons by using arguments. Argument: set of sentences, some of which, the premises, are designed to support another, the conclusion. Conclusion: the claim the author is trying to establish. Premises: the reasons or evidence the author provides in support of the conclusion.

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