BIOL 1002 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Hemimetabolism, Cuttlefish, Arachnid

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goldsnake374

2 Jul 2014

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Many animals with bilateral symmetry also have some type of coelom. Coelom is the body cavity that is between the digestive system and the body wall. One of lophotrochozoans groups, annelids (or segmented worms) exhibits a coelom and segmentation. Segmentation allows for more complex movement because the body compartments are each controlled by separate muscles. Coelomates (those that have coelom) - annelids, arthropods, mollusks, echinoderms, and chordates. Annelids (or segmented worms) include: oligochaetes, polychaetes, and leeches. 5 hearts are specialized blood vessels that contract rhythmically. Referring to earthworm"s impact on agriculture, darwin said, it may be doubted whether there are many other animals which have played so important a part in the history of the world . Earthworms have a hydroskeleton is a structure consisting of a fluid-filled cavity, the coelom, surrounded by muscles. The pressure of the fluid and action of the surrounding muscles are used to change an organism"s shape and produce movement, such as burrowing and swimming.

Related Questions

QUESTION 1

The âCambrian Explosionâ describes the relatively sudden appearance of __________ in the fossil record in the Cambrian.

		Metazoans
		Eukaryotes
		Algae
		Cephalopods
		Chocolate

0.5 points

QUESTION 2

Poriferans lack:

		Extracellular matrix
		Organs
		Choanocytes
		Nuclei

0.5 points

QUESTION 3

Which of the following has no terrestrial species?

		Brachiopoda
		Nematoda
		Mollusca
		Arthropoda

0.5 points

QUESTION 4

The metazoan phylum with the greatest diversity (i.e., number of species) today is:

		Arthropoda.
		Annelida.
		Cnidaria.
		Mollusca.

0.5 points

QUESTION 5

Segmentation is a feature of:

		Cnidarians
		Platyhelminthes
		Nematodes
		Annelids

0.5 points

QUESTION 6

A coelom is:

		Fun for the whole family.
		A fluid-filled body cavity forming within the mesoderm.
		A stinging cell found in cnidarians.
		A characteristic of flatworms.
		A fluid-filled body cavity between the mesoderm and endoderm.

0.5 points

QUESTION 7

How old is the earliest fossil evidence of life?

		3.8 Ma
		3.8 Ga
		1.8 Ga
		543 Ma

0.5 points

QUESTION 8

Which of the following is found only in bilaterians?

		Mesoderm
		Choanocytes
		Radial symmetry
		Gastrulation
		Nougat

0.5 points

QUESTION 9

Which of the following is not an explanation put forward for the Cambrian Explosion?

		Oxygen increase
		Revolution in substrate use
		Predation
		Global warming

0.5 points

QUESTION 10

Cnidarians are distinct from other animals in having:

		A can-do attitude
		Nematocysts
		Chitin
		Collagen
		Bilateral symmetry

0.5 points

QUESTION 11

Which of the following is a group within Platyhelminthes?

		Insecta
		Velveeta
		Bivalvia
		Cestoda
		Hydrozoa

0.5 points

QUESTION 12

Of Fungi, Metazoa, and Plantae, which two are thought to be more closely related to each other than they are to the third?

		Metazoa and Plantae
		Fungi and Plantae
		Fungi and Metazoa

0.5 points

QUESTION 13

The Cryogenian is a period of the Proterozoic characterized by:

		Low self esteem
		Earliest fossils of life
		Cooling and glaciation
		Sudden appearance of fossils with hard parts
		Increase in oxygen

0.5 points

QUESTION 14

Which of the following is thought not to have been abundant in the environment of the early Earth when life originated?

		Oxygen
		Nitrogen
		Methane
		Water

0.5 points

QUESTION 15

Of Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya, which two are thought to be more closely related to each other than they are to the third?

		Bacteria and Eukarya
		Archaea and Bacteria
		Archaea and Eukarya

0.5 points

QUESTION 16

The increase in oxygen that occurred around 2.3 Ga is referred to as:

		The Snowball Earth
		The Permian Extinction
		The Cambrian Explosion
		The Great Oxidation Event
		Friday

0.5 points

QUESTION 17

A lophophore is:

		A feeding structure found in brachiopods and bryozoans.
		A reproductive structure found in annelids and molluscs.
		A photoautotroph.
		Available at Targetâ¢.
		Absent in all lophotrochozoans.

0.5 points

QUESTION 18

One of the main divisions of protostomes is:

		Electronica
		Cnidaria
		Eukarya
		Lophotrochozoa
		Deuterostomia

0.5 points

QUESTION 19

If, as some studies have suggested, Ctenophora is the sister-taxon to other metazoans, this would imply that:

		Poriferans are not animals.
		Cnidarians are not monophyletic.
		We are all hosed.
		Nervous systems evolved more than once, or were lost by Porifera.
		Ctenophorans are cnidarians.

0.5 points

QUESTION 20

The chambered shells of fossil cephalopods contribute to:

		Feeding.
		The Red Cross.
		Respiration.
		Control of buoyancy.
		Propulsion.

1)Mushrooms and other fungi were once lumped in with the plant kingdom. Modern science has separated them into their own kingdom. Kingdom Fungi is distinguished from Kingdom Plantae by the fact that unlike plants fungi.

A)grow a haploid multicellular form from a haploid spore

B)have no cell walls

C)grow, rather than locomote, toward resources

D)are absorptive heterotrophs.

E)have no haploid multicellular stage

2)Members of the Kingdom Fungi are easily distinguished from the Kingdom Plantae because the Fungi

A)Do not have photosynthtic pigments.

B)Are mostly not adapted for living on land

C)Do not have cell walls

D)are primarily unicellular

E)All the above

3)Which of the following would NOT be part of a lichen?

A)chlorophytes

B) zygosporangia

C) basidiocarps

D)Soredia

E)Asci

4)The process of metamorphosis transforms a ______ into a ______________.

A)larva; sexually mature adult

B) blastopore;mouth

C)pseudocoelom; true coelom

D)zygote;blastula

E)blastula;gastrula

5)Which of the following tissues or structures could NOT be derived from ectoderm?

A) all but the digestive tract of a jellyfsh

B) all thin skin of a platyhelminth

C)the brain of a squid

D) the muscles of a nematode

E)your epidermis

6)Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the phylum Platyhelminthes?

A) true mesodermal tissue

B) cephalization involving concentration of nerve ganglia

C) gas and water exchange is across the thin body wall

D) free living and parasitic form

E) segmentation

7)A triploblastic animal in which the fluid?filled body cavity is only partially lined (lined on one side) with mesodermal tissue is referred to as:

A)coelomate

B)deuterostome

C)acoelomate

D)protostome

E)pseudocoelomate

8)Which of the following groups are diploblastic animals?

A)corals

B) sponges

C) comb jellies

D) a and b

E) a and c

9)Animals that actively move in a unidirectional fashion through their environment would be expected to exhibit which of the following characteristics?

A) bilateral symmetry

B) sponges

C) comb jellies

D) a and b

E) a and c

goldcamel906

An organism that is cephalized is probably ___________________.

		bilaterally symmetrical
		is segmented
		is diploblastic
		has a coelom

1 points

QUESTION 33

Cotton-topped tamarins are small primates with tufts of long white hair on their heads. While studying these creatures, you notice that males with longer hair get more opportunities to mate and father more offspring. To test the hypothesis that having longer hair is adaptive in these males, you should _____.

		test whether other traits in these males are also adaptive
		look for evidence of hair in ancestors of tamarins
		determine if hair length is heritable
		test whether males with shaved heads are still able to mate

1 points

QUESTION 34

Which of these is not an animal?

		ctenophore
		poiferan
		choanoflagellate
		cnidaria

1 points

QUESTION 35

What would be the best anatomical feature to look for to distinguish a gastropod from a chiton?

		presence of muscular foot
		presence of a radula
		production of eggs
		number of shell plates

1 points

QUESTION 36

If radial cleavae occurs during development, the animal will be a protostome.

True

False

1 points

QUESTION 37

The "heart" of arthopods is located ______________.

		ventrally
		centrally
		dorsally
		sagitally

1 points

QUESTION 38

Which structure do bivalves use for feeding?

		radula
		ctenidia (gills)
		beak
		foot

1 points

QUESTION 39

Claytonia virginica is a woodland spring herb with flowers that vary from white to pale pink to bright pink. Slugs prefer to eat pink-flowering over white-flowering plants (due to chemical differences between the two), and plants experiencing severe herbivory are more likely to die. The bees that pollinate this plant also prefer pink to white flowers, so that Claytonia
with pink flowers have greater relative fruit set than Claytonia with white flowers. A researcher observes that the percentage of different flower colors remains stable in the study population from year to year. Given no other information, if the researcher removes all slugs from the study population, what do you expect to happen to the distribution of flower colors in the population over time? 22.2

		The percentage of pink flowers should increase over time.
		The percentage of white flowers should increase over time.
		The distribution of flower colors should not change.
		The distribution of flower colors should randomly fluctuate over time.

1 points

QUESTION 40

The water vascular system of echinoderms _____________.

		functions as a circulatory system that distributes nutrients to body cells
		function in locomotion and feeding
		is bilateral in organization, even though the adult animal is not blaterally symmetrical
		is analogous to the gastrovascular cavity of flatworms

1 points

QUESTION 41

In Phylum Mollusca, the fluid of the open circulatory system is called hemolymph.

True

False

1 points

QUESTION 42

You find what you believe is a new species of animal. Which of the following characteristics would enable you to argue that it is more closely related to a flatworm than it is to a roundworm?

		It is a suspension feeder. It is a suspension feeder.
		It has no coelom.
		It is shaped like a worm.
		It has a mouth and an anus.

1 points

QUESTION 43

You observe that a mystery organism in a pond never comes up to the pond's surface. If you are able to catch one of these organisms, bring it to the lab and dissect it, you should find ______________.

		gills
		spiracle
		trachea
		book lungs

1 points

BIOL 1002 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Hemimetabolism, Cuttlefish, Arachnid

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