BIOL 2051 Study Guide - Ethanol Fermentation, Citric Acid Cycle, Isopropyl Alcohol
Document Summary
At this point, pyruvate can either be used: In fermentation to form fermentation products (alcohols, acids, gases) In respiration (tca cycle) to be fully oxidized to carbon dioxide. From 1 glucose molecule a net of 2 atp are produced. Reduction of pyruvate fermentation products: nad, respiration. From 1 glucose molecule up to 38 atp are produced. Oxidation of pyruvate by citric acid cycle. 13. 21 start with pyruvic acid from glycolysis >> converted to>> alcohol, lactic acid, propionic acid (swiss cheese), isopropanol: **nadh is converted back to nad in all those conversions. Types of fermentation: homolactic fermentation- once electrons from nadh are passed to pyruvate, pyruvate is reduced to lactic acid, ex. Lactobacillus ferments lactose sugar in milk to produce lactic acid, this gives us yogurt. Final electron acceptor may be an inorganic compound such as nitrate, ferric iron, sulfate: alcoholic fermentation- once electrons are passed from nadh to pyruvate, pyruvate is reduced to alcohol &co2, ex.