BIOL 1201 Midterm: Pre-Lecture Notes Exam 2
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Cell walls: composed of carbohydrates, separate entity from the cell, figure 6. 28, plants cellulose, fungi cellulose or chitin (amino sugars, bacteria peptidoglycans (amino sugars, amino acids) Cell adhesion (glues: plants, pectin (ripe fruit, lectin, animals, collagen. Cell adhesion (junctions: plants, plasmodesmata, animals, tight junctions, intermediary junctions, desmosomes, gap junctions: similar to plasmodesmata (cytoplasmic connections, figure 6. 28, figure 6. 32. Procaryotic cells: bacteria and archaea, structures include, nucleoid, ribosomes, mesosome, flagella, figure 6. 5. Eukaryotic cells: all organisms except bacteria and archaea, feature membrane bound organelles. Nucleus: surrounded by a double membrane w/ pores, contains chromosomes, central role in cell reproduction, figure 6. 9. Endoplasmic reticulum: network of membrane within the cytoplasm, rough er, with ribosomes, produce proteins for export from the cell, also new membrane, smooth er, without ribosomes, metabolic activity, synthesis of lipids, carbohydrate metabolism, drug detox, figure 6. 11. Golgi apparatus: series of flattened membrane sacs, packaging and manufacturing center for material leaving the cell.
