GEOG 1001 : Geog 1001 Notes Exam 1
Document Summary
Ivory, ebony, leopard pelts, slaves: hostage system. Independence: kush/karma, piankhy- 750 bce/23rd dynasty, meroe/commerce, smelting technology, new cultural innovations/script and architecture. Axum (4th century ce: the romans attempt to invade moroe. Records and history: climate, archaeology/iron work 500 bce, trade and commerce on the savannah and across the sahara. Ancient ghana: soninke/kumbi saleh, records/arab merchants-8th century ce, warfare/iron weapons, commerce/pepper, slaves and gold, fall/awdaghast/amoravid (1076 ce)/sossa. Mali(1230-1468 ce: mandinka/sundiata/mende, kirina, commerce and gold production. Islam: timbuktu (11th century ce)/islamic learning center, mansa musa (1312-1337 ce, mali"s most important city is timbuktu. Songhai (1464-1591 ce: sunni ali, askia muhammad toure (r. 1492-1528, expansion/sahara-mali-hausabind, islamic influence, fall/portuguese-slave trade, 1591 morocco. Forest region: no records, culture, prehistoric= 500 bce, nok/nigeria/iron and terra cotta, ife/yoruba-11th century, social hierarchy and slavery, religion. Islam vs local religion: literature/oral history and griots, slaves make up a different social class, slavery is not perpetual, slaves share duty with owner, slaves live like the free people who own them.
