HIST 2057 : History 2057 Exam 2 1

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15 Mar 2019
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History 2057 Exam 2
Progressivism:
-At the end of the nineteenth century, Progressivism emerged as a political movement in
response to significant economic, social, and political inequalities. Though Progressives
advocated for many different reforms, the central, shared idea was that the government
should lead efforts to change society’s ills. Previously, the general consensus was that social
or economic ills were best solved through private efforts. Muckraking journalists and
intellectuals publicized these issues through newspapers and lectures, and protesters and
activists began to affect modest change across the country.
-Progressives sought the elimination of government corruption, women’s suffrage, social
welfare, prison reform, prohibition, and civil liberties.
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Roosevelt:
- became pres in 1901
-Roosevelt was a loud and effective advocate for “trust-busting,” the breaking up of enormous
monopolies that had controlled prices and prevented competition. He also advocated for fair trade and
pro-labor laws, including a decreased workweek, child labor restrictions, and workplace safety rules.
-With a majority Democratic Congress, Wilson was able to persuade it to pass the Federal Reserve Act,
Federal Trade Commission Act, the Clayton Antitrust Act, the Federal Farm Loan Act and America's first-ever
federal progressive income tax in the Revenue Act of 1913. All four of the Progressive Era Amendments were
ratified during his term in office. (Amendments 16, 17, 18, 19)
-United States presidential election, 1912. 4 candidates: Woodrow Wilson, Roosevelt, Debs, and William
Taft. Woodrow won. The first election in which all 48 states of the contiguous United States
participated.
WWI:
-At the outbreak of the war, the United States pursued a policy of non-intervention, avoiding
conflict while trying to broker a peace. When a German U-boat sank the British liner RMS
Lusitania on 7 May 1915 with 128 Americans among the dead, President Woodrow Wilson
insisted that "America is too proud to fight" but demanded an end to attacks on passenger ships.
Germany complied. Wilson unsuccessfully tried to mediate a settlement. However, he also
repeatedly warned that the U.S.A. would not tolerate unrestricted submarine warfare, in violation
of international law.
-In January 1917, Germany resumed unrestricted submarine warfare, realizing it would mean
American entry. The German Foreign Minister, in the Zimmermann Telegram, invited Mexico to
join the war as Germany's ally against the United States. In return, the Germans would finance
Mexico's war and help it recover the territories of Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona.[103] Wilson
released the Zimmerman note to the public, and Americans saw it as casus bellia cause for
war.
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Document Summary

At the end of the nineteenth century, progressivism emerged as a political movement in response to significant economic, social, and political inequalities. Though progressives advocated for many different reforms, the central, shared idea was that the government should lead efforts to change society"s ills. Progressives sought the elimination of government corruption, women"s suffrage, social or economic ills were best solved through private efforts. Muckraking journalists and intellectuals publicized these issues through newspapers and lectures, and protesters and activists began to affect modest change across the country. welfare, prison reform, prohibition, and civil liberties. Roosevelt was a loud and effective advocate for trust-busting, the breaking up of enormous monopolies that had controlled prices and prevented competition. He also advocated for fair trade and pro-labor laws, including a decreased workweek, child labor restrictions, and workplace safety rules. With a majority democratic congress, wilson was able to persuade it to pass the federal reserve act,

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