BS 181H Study Guide - Final Guide: Intergenic Region, Pyrimidine Dimer, Silent Mutation
Document Summary
Mutations are beneficial because: allow for progeny to live, allow for evolution. Beneficial harmful: cause genetic disease, cancer, change base sequence, add or remove nucleotide(s) Mutation change in the gene makeup of some inheritable trait; a heritable change in the genetic material. Stops protein sequence: base addition shifts frame! Sickle cell anemia is the result of a single amino acid substitution resulting in fiber-like structures: common in africa causes resistance to malaria! A mutation n the intergenic region is non-coding so doesn"t affect amino acids doesn"t matter if mutates. Mutation would increase of decrease transcription: transcriptional response element/operator same as promoter, splice junctions, translational response elements wouldn"t be processed properly. Could change amino acid code and form a different polypeptide. Deleterious because affect proper translation into polypeptide and. Germ-line / somatic cell mutations: germ line - passed to offspring only. Give rise to gametes: somatic cells everything but germ line, location of mutation is therefore important to inheritability.
