[PHI 214] - Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes fot the exam (28 pages long!)
Document Summary
Chapters: 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 16, 17. Unlike law, morality is not created by human authorities. Unlike religion, ethics uses only reason and shared human experience to reach conclusions about the right thing to do. Argument = premises + conclusion connected by logical reasoning. Deductive arguments are intended to give conclusive support for the conclusion if the premises are true. Inductive arguments are supposed to give probable support for conclusion. Moral arguments (deductive or inductive) must have: At least one premise stating a moral principle. At least one premise describing a factual circumstance. A conclusion about what ought to be done. A conceptual framework to clarify some complex part of reality. A general overview of a complex reality, an outline, a road map. Ethical theory: a conceptual framework to clarify human understanding of the process and results of ethical judgments. Consequentialist - only outcomes, results of a choice determine the moral value of the choice or action.
