PSYC 3404 Study Guide - Spring 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Working Memory, Vocab Song, Types Of Tennis Match
12 Oct 2018
School
Department
Course
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PSYC 3404
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
PSYC 3404 - Developmental Psychology
Introduction to Course:
3 main psychologists
● Freud
○ Id, ego, superego
■ Id - basic desires, acts on pleasure principal
■ Ego - mediates between id and superego, operates on reality principle, manages
between desires of id and perfection of superego
■ Superego - conscience, develops over time, acquired from parents
○ 1st to say people have psychological life
○ Psychosexual development
○ Personality is developed by puberty
○ Iceberg theory
■ Unconscious
● Freudian term (subconscious → things we’re not totally aware of but
can uncover - doesn’t exist with freud)
● Erickson
○ Studied under Freud but thought he was too focused on sex
○ Development happens over lifespan
○ Stage theory
● Brockenbrenner
○ Ecological model
○ We are a part of our social context
○ Relationships have a huge influence on our development
○ 1st degree relationships with parents, teachers, etc.
○ Mesosystem - mom’s friends, teachers’ friends
○ Macrosystem - social influence, how society influences us
Culture and Human Development
● Culture → total pattern of group’s customs, beliefs, art, and technology
○ Common way of life
○ Can be a part of more than one culture
● Northeastern culture
○ Co-op
○ Competitive
○ Busy, urban
○ International
○ Active
○ Cold
World Population Growth
● Fairly constant population until exponential rise in the 1800s
● Caused by
find more resources at oneclass.com
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○ Advancements in medicine
○ Industrial revolution
Population Growth and Change
● Total fertility rate
○ Number of births per woman
● Replacement rate
○ Rate of fertility that maintains stable population
● Developed countries
○ Most affluent countries in the world
○ 18% of world
● Developing countries
○ Less wealth
○ 82% of world population
● Differences
○ Education
○ Access to clean water, food, healthcare
In Developing Countries
● 40% of the world lives on less than $2 a day
● 20% of children don’t complete primary school
● 60% of children don’t attend secondary school
● But most research on white male college students
Vocab
● Individualistic → value independence, self expression
● Collectivistic → value family, supporting each other
● Traditional culture → rural culture that adheres more to tradition, conservative, outside of
cities
● Globalization → increasing connections between different parts of the world
● Majority culture → sets norms and standards
● Contexts → settings and circumstances
● Socioeconomic status (SES)
● Gender
● Ethnicity → cultural origin and traditions, race, religion, language
Human Origins:
Our Evolutionary Beginnings
● Ontogenetic → characteristic pattern of individual development (one human being)
● Phylogenetic → development of species
● Darwin
○ Young born with characteristics and will survive if characteristic helps them
○ Species change a little with each generation
● Share ancestry with chimps and gorillas
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Id - basic desires, acts on pleasure principal. Ego - mediates between id and superego, operates on reality principle, manages between desires of id and perfection of superego. Superego - conscience, develops over time, acquired from parents. 1st to say people have psychological life. Freudian term (subconscious things we"re not totally aware of but can uncover - doesn"t exist with freud) Studied under freud but thought he was too focused on sex. We are a part of our social context. Relationships have a huge influence on our development. 1st degree relationships with parents, teachers, etc. Macrosystem - social influence, how society influences us. Culture total pattern of group"s customs, beliefs, art, and technology. Can be a part of more than one culture. Fairly constant population until exponential rise in the 1800s. Rate of fertility that maintains stable population. 40% of the world lives on less than a day. 20% of children don"t complete primary school.
