NURSE-UN 1435 Final: Patho Study Guide - Final
17 Oct 2018
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Stress increases functional demand adaptations: hypertrophy, hyperplasia, atrophy, metaplasia, dysplasia: stress is reversible when it"s relieved cell returns to normal. Irreversible stress too much damage necrosis. Reversible stress types: atrophy: decreased size of cell due to decreased functional demand. Muscle can atrophy if not used because of injury, neuromuscular dysfunction (i. e. spinal cord) Prednisone/steroids can atrophy adrenals and testes: hypertrophy: increased size due to increased demand. Not good for heart tissue leaves less space for blood to flow & restricts c. o: hyperplasia: enlarged tissue mass due to fxn demand or stress that leads to an increased # of cells. Change in pscce of smoker squamous epithelium (if they quit pscce can return) Unresolved gerd changes epithelia of esophagus: dysplasia: so much stress that cells become abnormal shape, structure, and size. Precancerous easy to become neoplasia or anaplasia: ex: papsmear screening for cervical cancer. Irreversible stress types: anaplasia: totally undifferentiated cells that are cancerous.
