01:119:115- Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 679 pages long!)
28 Mar 2018
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Concept 1. 1 biologists explore life from the microscopic to the global scale. In all energy transformations, some energy is lost to the surroundings as heat. In contrast to chemical nutrients, which recycle within an ecosystem, energy flows through an ecosystem, usually entering as light and exiting as heat. I(cid:374) (cid:373)ost euka(cid:396)(cid:455)oti(cid:272) (cid:272)ells, the la(cid:396)gest o(cid:396)ga(cid:374)elle is the (cid:374)u(cid:272)leus, (cid:449)hi(cid:272)h (cid:272)o(cid:374)tai(cid:374)s the (cid:272)ell"s. Dna as chromosomes: the other organelles are located in the cytoplasm, the entire region between the nucleus and outer membrane of the cell, prokaryotic cells are much simpler and smaller than eukaryotic cells. Scientists investigating ecosystems pioneered this approach in the 1960s with elaborate models diagramming the interactions of species and nonliving components in ecosystems. Systems biology is now becoming increasingly important in cellular and molecular biology, driven in part by the deluge of data from the sequencing of genomes and our increased understanding of protein functions.
