[01:119:116] - Final Exam Guide - Everything you need to know! (150 pages long)
29 Nov 2016
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Rutgers
01:119:116
FINAL EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
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Lecture 1-Viruses
Ch 19.1-.2, 26.1
1. Phylogeny- the evolutionary history of a species or gps of related spp producing
systematic; the collection of fossil, molecular, and genetic data to infer
evolutionary relationships
a. In evolution from a common ancestor-produced plants and humans/fungi
i. Homologous-similarity due to shared ancestry
ii. Analogous-similarity due to convergent evolution
iii.
2. Linnaeus system provides a hierarchical classification
a. Places taxonomic gps from broad to narrow
i. Dear,King, Philip, Come, Over, For , Good, Sex
ii.
b. Binomial nomenclature
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i. Ec spp assigned unique two part name (binomial)
1. eg. Panthera Pardus
ii. Consist of genus to which it belongs + è specific epithet (name)
iii. Rules
1. Always Latin
2. Utilized or underline
3. Genus: capitalized
a. Can be abrvtd unique and can be used to specify all
spp within genius
4. Specific epithet, not capitalized
3. Linking classification and phylogeny
a. The evolutionary history of go can be represented in a branching diagram
or phylogeny can tree
i. eg. Carnivora (fig 26.4)
b. Ea branch pt represents the divergence of two spp
c. Systematics interprets a phylogetic tree as recognizing gos that include a
common ancestor and all descendants
i. A sister taxa includes closest relatives of a gp in phylogenetic tree
ii. A basal taxa diver she's early and originates near common
ancestor of gp
iii. A poly polytomy is a branch from which more than two gos emerge
iv.
d. The understanding of the tree of life continues to change based on DNA
sequencing data
i. The there domain system has been adopted
1. Bacteria, archae and eukarya (fig 26.21)
2. Viruses not included?
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