01:119:116 Final: 116_Cardiovascular

• School: Rutgers University
• Department: Biological Science
• Course: 01:119:116
• Professor: Daniel Stern Cardinale

Document Summary

Blood flow through the heart: two circuits, pulmonary: right side of the heart, left ventricle, systemic circulation, blood to lungs for gas exchange, right ventricle to left atrium of the heart (*this is a matter of convention. Technically, oxygen poor blood returning to right atrium is the end of the systemic circuit; not the beginning of the pulmonary circuit. : blood returns from body to right atrium, rt. Cells remain in this phase until electrically stimulated. Due to the opening of the fast na+ channels. Inactivation of the fast na+ channels (phase 1) Repolarization (phase 3) about -80 to -85 mv. Due to the movement of k+ and cl- ions. Balance between inward movement of ca2+ and outward movement of k+ K+ flows through the slow delayed rectifier potassium channels. Slow delayed rectifier k+ channels are still open. Delayed rectifier k+ channels close when the membrane potential is restored to: medulla, sympathetic ns control, innervate sa and av nodes.