01:119:101 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Nucleolus, Peptide, Adaptive Radiation
21 Jul 2016
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Document Summary
A ribozyme is an rna catalyst that carries out enzyme-like functions. One method of dating fossils is radiometric dating. Adaptive radiation are periods of evolutionary change in which groups of organisms form many new species whose adaptations allow them to fill different niches. Homeotic genes determine basic features of an organism and where the features appear on the organism. According to the rna world hypothesis, rna must have served as both an information molecule and a catalyst. Short strands of rna have been shown to join together spontaneously, catalyze their own partial replication, and undergo simulated darwinian evolution, but have not been shown to metabolize methane. Two pieces of evidence that support the endosymbiont theory are (1) mitochondria and plastids replicate similarly to those in larger cells and (2) mitochondria and plastids translate proteins similarly to those in larger cells. The molecules which add amino acids onto the growing polypeptide chain are ribosomes, which are made in the nucleolus.
