01:119:101 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Endergonic Reaction, Chemical Energy, Primary Production

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silverporcupine51

21 Jul 2016

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One way that atp provides energy to drive reactions in a cell is when the breakdown of atp releases energy from its bonds which can then be used in other cellular reactions. An endergonic reaction without an enzyme uses a lot more energy and takes longer since the activation energy (ae) is higher than an endergonic reaction with an enzyme. Competitive inhibition is when the substrate and the inhibitor compete to attach to the enzyme active site. When either the substrate or inhibitor attach, then the other cannot and will not be able to perform its role. Non-competitive inhibition is when an inhibitor can prevent an enzyme from working by attaching somewhere other than the active site. Allosteric regulation is when enzymes are based on which effector molecule binds to them at an allosteric site rather than an active site. Feedback inhibition is when the products from an enzyme begin to inhibit the enzyme from creating more products.

Related Questions

Explain how the following mechanisms regulate enzyme activity.

Part A

Covalent modification

a)The product of a series of reactions acts as an inhibitor for an earlier reaction.

b)Hormones control the synthesis of enzymes.

c)A regulator binds to the enzyme at a site other than the active site. This binding changes the shape of the enzyme and alters the catalytic ability of the enzyme.

d)An inhibitor binds reversibly to the enzymesubstrate complex, blocking the binding of the second substrate to the active site.

e)The activity of an enzyme is influenced by the addition or removal of a group that is covalently bonded to the enzyme.

f)An inhibitor forms covalent bonds to the active site, permanently blocking it.

Part B

Genetic control

a)The product of a series of reactions acts as an inhibitor for an earlier reaction.

b)Hormones control the synthesis of enzymes.

c)A regulator binds to the enzyme at a site other than the active site. This binding changes the shape of the enzyme and alters the catalytic ability of the enzyme.

d)An inhibitor binds reversibly to the enzymesubstrate complex, blocking the binding of the second substrate to the active site.

e)The activity of an enzyme is influenced by the addition or removal of a group that is covalently bonded to the enzyme.

f)An inhibitor forms covalent bonds to the active site, permanently blocking it

Part C

Allosteric regulation

a)The product of a series of reactions acts as an inhibitor for an earlier reaction.

b)Hormones control the synthesis of enzymes.

c)A regulator binds to the enzyme at a site other than the active site. This binding changes the shape of the enzyme and alters the catalytic ability of the enzyme.

d)An inhibitor binds reversibly to the enzymesubstrate complex, blocking the binding of the second substrate to the active site.

e)The activity of an enzyme is influenced by the addition or removal of a group that is covalently bonded to the enzyme.

f)An inhibitor forms covalent bonds to the active site, permanently blocking it.

Part D

Feedback inhibition

a)The product of a series of reactions acts as an inhibitor for an earlier reaction.

b)Hormones control the synthesis of enzymes.

c)A regulator binds to the enzyme at a site other than the active site. This binding changes the shape of the enzyme and alters the catalytic ability of the enzyme.

d)An inhibitor binds reversibly to the enzymesubstrate complex, blocking the binding of the second substrate to the active site.

e)The activity of an enzyme is influenced by the addition or removal of a group that is covalently bonded to the enzyme.

f)An inhibitor forms covalent bonds to the active site, permanently blocking it

A competitive inhibitor

does not inhibit enzyme activity but does lower substrate concentration.

binds at a site other than the active site.

irreversibly binds and inactivates the enzyme.

binds to and inactivates the substrate.

cannot be processed by the enzyme.

Which of the following is an enzyme?

iron

amethystchimpanzee154

3) The hydrolysis of sucrose to glucose and fructose is exergonic. However, if you dissolve sucrose in water and keep the solution overnight at room temperature, there is no detectable conversion to glucose and fructose. Why?

Select one:

a. The change in free energy of the reaction is negative.

b. The activation energy of the reaction is high.

c. The free energy of the products is higher than the free energy of the reactants.

d. This is a condensation reaction.

e. The change in free energy of the reaction is positive.

5) Competitive inhibition differs from non-competitive inhibition in that the ___1___ site is where we see competitive inhibition, while the non-competitive inhibitor __2___.

1. a. allosteric b. non-active c. active d. hydrophillic e. hydrophobic

2.
a. binds to the active site, thus blocking it
b. binds outside the active site, changing the shape of the enzyme
c. binds outside the active site, and blocks the active site

6) Phosphofructokinase is an enzyme, and as such it __1___ of the reaction. It is part of glycolysis, and is an example of an enzyme controlled by inhibition, as high levels of citrate (an intermediate further down the catabolic pathway) turns the enzyme off
(1)Select one:
a. lowers activation energy
b. lowers the ÎG
c. raises the Free Energy
(2)Select one
a. non-competitivenegative feedback
b. irreversible competitivereversible competitive.

15)The reactions in the pathways of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle harvest the high-energy electrons stored in glucose. Therefore, these pathways _______________.

Select one:

a. take place in animal cells, but not in plant cells
b. are catabolic pathways
c. are anabolic pathways
d. involve the reduction of glucose and its metabolic intermediates

21) In an exergonic chemical reaction, the products have less free energy than the reactants (-ÎG). Endergonic reactions require an input of energy (+ÎG). The addition of starting materials and the removal of end products prevent metabolism from reaching final equilibrium. Instead, the cell exists in a state of dynamic equilibrium.

Select one:
True
False

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01:119:101 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Endergonic Reaction, Chemical Energy, Primary Production

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