01:160:161 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Ammonium, Photochromism, Partial Pressure

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14 Apr 2014
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Equilibrium: balanced state of a system in which there are no observable changes w/ time. Dynamic eq: balanced state of a system in which 2 opposing processes occur at = rates (physical + chemical processes [photochromic lenses]) Homogeneous eq: all reactants + products are in same phase. Rate of forward = rate of reverse reaction aa+bb cc+dd k(forward)[a]^a[b]^b = k(reverse)[c]^c[d]^d k(forward)/k(reverse) = [c]^c[d]^d / [a]^a[b]^b therefore: K(c) = [c]^c[d]^d / [a]^a[b]^b k: rate constant. [x]: moles/l (for g and solutes in dilute solutions only) If kc >> 1, reaction is product-favored; more product at eq. If kc << 1, reaction is reactant-favored; more reactant at eq. K > 1000: reaction essentially goes to completion. 1 < k < 1000: [products] > [reactants] at eq. 0. 001 < k < 1: [reactants] > [products] at eq. Kc of reverse reaction is reciprocal of kc of forward reaction.

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