01:460:100 Midterm: Exam 2

• School: Rutgers University
• Department: Geological Sciences
• Course: 01:460:100
• Professor: Mark Feigenson

Document Summary

Metamorphic rocks: solid state changes in texture or mineralogy to an existing rock. Heat - increase in t changes mineral stability. Pressure - greater pressure tends to decrease space available: increases density, & creates foliation. Fluids (h2o) - aids exchange of ions between growing crystals. Contact: intrusion of magma against cold rock (local phenomenon). Foliated rocks - are classified by the degree of cleavage, schistosity, and banding. Slate: metamorphic shale; clay recrystallizes to mica. Quartzite - nonfoliated metamorphic rock from quartz sandstone. Tectonic transport moves rocks through different pressure-temp zones, and then transports them back to the shallow crust or the surface. Low grade: low t, p; high grade: high t, p. Controls of volcanic activity: composition of lava - higher silica (sio2)% - higher viscosity of lava, temperature - higher t, lower viscosity. E. x. basaltic lava flows from cracks in earth; form lava plateaus. Pillow basalts - mid-ocean ridge mor; erupt underwater.