BIO 202 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Pyrimidine Dimer, Growth Factor, Nucleolus

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Cancer cells do not respond normally to the body"s control mechanisms. Cancer cells do not need growth factors in their culture medium in order to grow and divide. Cancer cells do not exhibit density-dependent inhibition when growing in culture. They may make a required growth factor themselves or they may have an abnormality in the signaling pathway that conveys the growth factor"s signal to the cell cycle control system even in the absence of that factor. If and when they stop dividing, cancer cells do so at random points in the cycle, rather than at normal checkpoints. There are two chromosomes of each type: karyotype the resulting ordered display of arranged chromosomes pairs from shortest to longest. Homologous chromosomes when two chromosomes composing a pair have the same length, centromere position, and staining pattern both carrying genes controlling the same inherited characters. Human females have a homologous pair of xx but males have xy.

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