BIO 202 Midterm: BIO NOTES for midterm 1

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indigoant630

8 May 2016

School

Stony Brook University

Department

Biology

Course

BIO 202

Professor

susanerster

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Document Summary

Two kinds of cells on earth: prokaryotes: unicellular organism, and lack membrane bound organelles as well as a nucleus. Genetic information is in a nucleoid, and the rest are ribosomes. (ex: bacteria and archaea [first form of life]) (1-10 micrometers: eukaryotes: larger and contain a nucleus. (10-100 micrometers) Cells are small because they need a lot of membrane surface area to transport things in and out effectively; they have a greater surface-area-to-volume ratio. Compartmentalization: cells are divided into compartments responsible for different reactions and functions: eukaryotic cells have many compartments, which is why they are big. Cells can be examined under the microscope cytology (study of cell structure): light microscope: light passes through a specimen and glass lenses, magnifying the image. (1000x magnification) Resolution: the ability to distinguish two objects (about 200 nanometers: electron microscope: uses electron beams with 1,000,000x magnification and 0. 2 nanometer resolution.

Related Questions

PLEASE CHECK MY ANSWERS!

(1 pt each) If the following generally apply to all prokaryotes, write âPâ. If they apply specifically to eukaryotes, write âEâ. If they apply primarily to bacteria, write âBâ, and if they apply primarily to archaea, write âAâ. If it applies to more than one, include letters it applies to. 1 point each.

___P____6. DNA is organized in usually one large, circular chromosome.

____E___7. Cells contain membrane-bound organelles.

____P&B___8. Cell walls are common and contain some amount of peptidoglycan

____B&A___9. Small, circular pieces of DNA called plasmids, which are easily transferred, can often be found in cells.

____E___10. Ribosomes are found in cells and the entire ribosome size is â80Sâ, based on sedimentation rate.

____B&E___11. Phospholipids that comprise cell membrane feature fatty acids that are linked to glycerol by ester linkages.

__A_____12. Cell walls consist of protein/glycoprotein layer called S layer, pseudomurein layer, or in rare cases, only a slime layer outside of membrane(s).

___B&A____13. Typical shapes include bacilli and cocci.

____E___14. Cells have a cell membrane, DNA, and ribosomes.

_____A__15. Reproduction is asexual, and cells do not undergo mitosis or meiosis.

violetoyster507

answer all of them and you have to be sure

How are bacteria and archaea are different from eukaryotes

		They do not have a nucleus
		Don't have complex, membrane-bounded organelles in their cytoplasm
		don't have complex, membrane-bounded organelles in their cytoplasm
		all of the above
		none of the above

If a bacterial cell is slightly curled or spiral-shaped cylinder is the bacterium is described as

		Bacillus
		Branching filaments
		Cocci
		Spirillum
		Vibrio

If bacterial cells are rods that are gently curved is the bacterium is described as

		Bacillus
		Branching filaments
		Cocci
		Spirillum
		Vibrio

If bacterial cells are spindle-shaped, round-ended, long and threadlike (filamentous), or even club-shaped or drumstick-shaped, the bacterium is described as

		Bacillus
		Branching filaments
		Cocci
		Spirillum
		Vibrio

5-What are the spikes in a viral capsid composed of _______

6-Many helminths have both male and female organs. What is this term for this_______

7-What is the movement in response to a chemical called?_____

Place the following in order from most complex to least complex

A- Cell B- Hydrogen C- Water D- Protons

31. C

32. B

33. A

34. D

Match the cell type with the most appropriate description or phrase

A- Prokaryotic B- Eukaryotic C- Both

36. Is the cell type that builds multicellular organism in Fungal, Plant, and Animal Kingdom.

B- Eukaryotic

37. Bacteria is an example of this cell type.

A- Prokaryotic

38. Contain Cytoplasmâs and cell membranes

B- Eukaryotic

39. Contain Membrane- bound organelles

C- Both

True or False

40. All cells contain a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and a nucleus.

False

41. According to the Cell Theory, all living things are composed of cells.

True

42. According to the Cell Theory, all living things use DNA as the genetic information molecule.

True

BIO 202 Midterm: BIO NOTES for midterm 1

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