PSY 445 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Shyness, Mental Disorder, Muteness
1/18/18:
What is normal?
• Of, relating to, or characterized by average intelligence or development
• Constituting or not deviating from the norm
• Free from mental illness, mentally sound
The oral distriutio aerage=, 68% of people
• to understand how clients are performing in relation to others in the same age
• the mean, median, and mode are equal
o Where do these points fall?
o Normal: -1SD +1 SD, 68% of people in the normal range
o 13.59% fall into -2SD +2 SD from mean
o 2.14% fall into -3SD +3 SD from mean
Sociocultural Expectations
• Universally Abnormal Behaviors: some behavior disorders are recognized as
universally abnormal
o Examples: Muteness, serious self-injury, eating feces
• Cultural influence: some behavior disorders are defined by sociocultural
expectations
o Examples: shyness, very high activity level, complying with adult request
o Shyness in U.S: poor peer relationships
Shyness in China: academic success, good thing
• Compliance in U.S.: less likely to be compliant
Compliance in China: more compliant
How Culture shapes our definition of normal
Western culture experience:
• Disturbing symptoms of schizophrenia
• Violent and hateful auditory hallucinations
• Viewed as intrusion/threat
• Individuals in the US had more disturbing symptoms of schizophrenia
African and Indian
• Positive experience
• Playful and friendly voices
Individualistic cultures vs Collectivistic:
1. how is it contributing to how people view symptoms?
2. ho’s ieig as positie/egatie ad hy
Individualistic cultures: US focus on own goals
Collectivistic cultures: Chine how can my actions help my group
Putting it all together
Display any of the following symptoms:
• behavioral
• cognitive
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
• emotional
• physical
Continuum of the following:
• deviant (how deviant is it, how far away from societal norm?)
• maladaptive (dysfunction)
• causing distress (to personal distress vs. family vs. pet vs. neighbors)
When does abnormal behavior become a psychological disorder?
Psychological disorder: a pattern of behavioral, cognitive, emotional or physical symptoms
shown by the individual
• persistent
• consistent
how do we define what it is based on?
• We use behavioral, cognitive, emotional, physical function and the continuum of
deviance, maladaptive, distress
3 features to help diagnose a psychological disorder:
1. Distress
2. Impairment
3. Elevated risk of suffering or harm
1+ indicates psychological disorder
• Distress: fear, sadness, giving person elevated levels of distress. It is causing
person/society stress
• Impairment: may see impairment in academics, symptoms impacting life (social)
• Harm: death, pain, disability
How do you identify a behavior disorder?
Determination is based on a number of factors
Two primary factors:
1. Sociocultural expectations (how is hild’s behavior compared to what normal
Aeria’s think)
a. Schizophrenia in Ghana/India vs. America
b. Deviant, impairment, distress
2. Developing norms
a. Compare child to developmental norms
Developmental norms
Serve as an important guideline in determining behavior problems
• Progression of development: rate of child developing
• Frequency: how frequent is behavior
• Intensity: severalty of disorders/how intense are the sibling arguments
• Duration: how long is that behavior lasting? Ex: crying lasting a long time
What is development? (looking at disorder itself)
• Continuities: childhood depression adult depression
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
What is normal: of, relating to, or characterized by average intelligence or development, constituting or not deviating from the norm, free from mental illness, mentally sound. Shyness in china: academic success, good thing: compliance in u. s. : less likely to be compliant. Western culture experience: disturbing symptoms of schizophrenia, violent and hateful auditory hallucinations, viewed as intrusion/threat. Individuals in the us had more disturbing symptoms of schizophrenia. African and indian: positive experience, playful and friendly voices. Individualistic cultures vs collectivistic: how is it contributing to how people view symptoms, (cid:449)ho"s (cid:448)ie(cid:449)i(cid:374)g as positi(cid:448)e/(cid:374)egati(cid:448)e a(cid:374)d (cid:449)hy. Collectivistic cultures: chine how can my actions help my group. Display any of the following symptoms: behavioral, cognitive, emotional, physical. Continuum of the following: deviant (how deviant is it, how far away from societal norm?, maladaptive (dysfunction, causing distress (to personal distress vs. family vs. pet vs. neighbors) 3 features to help diagnose a psychological disorder: distress, impairment, elevated risk of suffering or harm.
