BIMS 320 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Hugo De Vries, Erwin Chargaff, Carl Correns
11 Dec 2017
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Chapter 1 - the molecular basis of heredity, variation, and evolution. Genetics as a practice began with gregor mendel (1860s) Reduced number of variables to bare minimum. Bateson: recognized that the trait must be a rare, recessive character. Sutton and boveri: chromosome movement during cell division; chromosome theory of inheritance. Physical location of genes is on the chromosome (locus, loci) Segregation of chromosomes during meiosis is the physical cause for segregation of genes in the formation of gametes. Independent assortment of chromosomes during meiosis is the physical cause for independent assortment of genes. Physical basis of law of heredity during cell division. Genes: physical units of hereditary; defined dna sequences. Chromosomes: long molecules of double stranded dna and protein, which contain genes. Homologous pairs (homologs): pairs that carry genes for the same traits; sexually reproducing organisms (humans have 23 pairs) The structure of dna suggests a mechanism for replication. Usually a single, circular chromosome, found in nucleoid.
