BIOL 1001 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Dna Replication, G1 Phase, Chromatin
9 Jun 2018
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Bio Lab Quiz 3
BOTH OF THESE ARE FORMS OF NUCLEAR CELL DIVISION
Mitosis
●How genetic information moves from one cell to another
●results in two new cells formed.
●each new cell has an identical set of chromosomes to the original cell. Mitosis maintains
genetic continuity by producing new cells, which are identical to one another, as well as
the original cell.
●occurs in cells known as somatic cells
●chromosomes, replicate during interphase, segregate into two identical sets, one set going
to each of the new nuclei. Mitosis precedes CYTOKINESIS
, cytoplasmic division
Meiosis
●how genetic information moves from one generation to another
●is responsible for the formation of gametes (egg and sperm in humans)
○The egg and sperm are termed haploid cells. When a haploid egg and sperm
combine during fertilization, they form the single celled diploid zygote
Both processes start out with a “parent cell” that has what is referred to as the diploid
number of
chromosomes. The term diploid means the complete complement of chromosomes that an
individual has in each cell.
In eukaryotic cells, the genetic material, known as DNA, is packaged in structures called
chromosomes.
The DNA replicates during interphase
, the period between nuclear divisions.
The majority of cells are in interphase
, the period of the cell cycle between divisions.
●the cell grows and synthesizes cellular materials in preparation for the next division
G1 or gap 1:
●Starts immediately after a cell has completed cellular division.
●Growth of cytoplasmic material and organelles occurs.
●Protein turnover occurs.
● Keep in mind that the chromosome (DNA molecule) is uncoiled and is termed chromatin
during interphase. (i.e.: Chromosome = chromatin = DNA)
S or Synthesis:
●Each DNA molecule replicates during this phase, hence the term “synthesis”.
Document Summary
Both of these are forms of nuclear cell division. How genetic information moves from one cell to another. Each new cell has an identical set of chromosomes to the original cell. Mitosis maintains genetic continuity by producing new cells, which are identical to one another, as well as the original cell. Occurs in cells known as somatic cells. Chromosomes, replicate during interphase, segregate into two identical sets, one set going to each of the new nuclei. How genetic information moves from one generation to another. Is responsible for the formation of gametes (egg and sperm in humans) The egg and sperm are termed haploid cells. When a haploid egg and sperm combine during fertilization, they form the single celled diploid zygote. Both processes start out with a parent cell that has what is referred to as the diploid number of chromosomes. The term diploid means the complete complement of chromosomes that an individual has in each cell.
