NSCI 1051 : study terms Language(1).docx
9 May 2014
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Speech arrest: when motor cortex or inferior temporal gyrus is stimulated, unable to speak. Aphasia -know the definition, symptoms and lesions associated with the following subtypes: aphasia. Partial/complete loss of language abilities following brain damage. Sixteenth century: speech impairment, tongue not affected: broca"s aphasia (motor, nonfluent aphasia): Difficulty speaking, pause to search for words, repeat overlearned things, difficulty repeating words. Whatever modality, couldn"t match it with words in lexicon. Speech, while fluent, is semantically inappropriate and paraphasic. Long, grammatically well formed utterances that lack meaning. Comparison with broca"s aphasia, wernicke"s aphasia: comprehension good, speech fluent. Symptoms: repetition substitutes/omits words, paraphasic errors, cannot repeat function, nonsense words, polysyllabic words. Damage to the left dorsal stg or the temporoparietal junction: anomic aphasia. The patient"s speech is generally fluent and intelligible. Some paraphasias or pauses in speech are present when the patient appears to be searching for a word. Phonemic cues often help the patient retrieve the word during a pause in speech.
