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[PBHL 1105] - Final Exam Guide - Everything you need to know! (36 pages long)

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mauvehamster904
29 Mar 2017
School
Temple University
Department
Public Health
Course
PBHL 1105
Professor
Dr Dingman

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Document Summary

Most users of any given substance do not use it in ways that it can be defined as either abuse or dependence. The single most common type of illicit drug use is marijuana smoking, and the vast majority of those users are what some have called recreational or social or causal users. Marijuana is being legalized in a few states as well. Even for harder drugs the media has portrayed as producing an instant addiction but the actual experiences of most users of those substances do not support such claims. There are no such things as bad drugs . When drug abuse, drug dependence, and deviant drug use are talked about it is the behavior, the way the drug is being used, that is being referred to. Drug- defined as any substance, natural or artificial, other than food, that by its chemical natural alters structure or function in the living organism. the book will view all alcoholic beverages as drugs.

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Related Questions

Assigned as

Homework

1

Antonio uses Adderal to treat his ADHD. Scott stole some of Antonio's medication so he could study for an exam. Which of the following best describes Scott's behavior relative to this incident?

A

Drug dependence

B

Drug abuse

C

Drug addiction

D

All of these answers are correct

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2

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Homework

2

______________ is the key player in the reward system of the brain.

A

Serotonin

B

None of these answers are correct

C

Adrenaline

D

Dopamine

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3

Assigned as

Homework

3

Several factors influence how drug users experience the drug effects. The four more important factors are which of the following?

A

Physiological, social, genetics, and cultural

B

Psychological, genetics, social, and cultural

C

Pharmacological, physiological, psychological, and social

D

Pharmacological, cultural, social, and contextual

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4

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Homework

4

Drug abuse usually follows 4 steps of drug use. This is known as the spectrum of psychoactive drugs. What 4 steps are part of this spectrum?

A

Beneficial, casual, problematic, chronic dependence

B

Beneficial, casual, abusive, addictive

C

Beneficial, problematic, chronic dependence, and abusive

D

Social, abusive, dependent, addictive

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5

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Homework

5

The main neurotransmitter in the reward system is thought of being which of the following?

A

Dobutamine

B

Epinephrine

C

Glutamate

D

Dopamine

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6

Assigned as

Homework

6

The rate at which a drug is distributed in the body depends on which of the following?

A

Its solubility properties

B

Its tendency to attach to proteins in tissues

C

Its ability to pass across membranes

D

Its molecular size

E

All of these answers are correct

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7

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7

A period of medical treatment, usually including a 9-12 step program, during which a person is helped to overcome physical and psychological dependence on alcohol or drugs is known as part of the ______________ process.

A

Withdrawal

B

Intoxication

C

Oxidation

D

Detoxification

Unanswered

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8

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8

Drug addiction is defined as which of the following?

A

Pathological condition in which one compulsively uses a drug, despite its negative effects

B

Using any prescribed drug or over the counter medication for healing purposes

C

Using a drug excessively, or for purposes for which it was not medically intended

D

Constant use of a chemical to ensure a constant state of happiness

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9

Assigned as

Homework

9

The rate at which a drug is distributed in the body depends on which of the following properties?

A

It's solubility properties

B

Pass across membranes

C

It's molecular size

D

All of these answers are correct

Unanswered

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10

Assigned as

Homework

10

The most commonly abused set of drugs in the USA is which of the following?

A

Non prescription over the counter drugs

B

Illegal drugs such as cocaine

C

Prescription Drugs

D

All of these answers are correct

Analyze the following case study.

Two ways to reduce the quantity of smoking demanded Public policymakers often want to reduce the amount that people smoke because of smoking's adverse health effects. There are two ways that policy can attempt to achieve this goal. One way to reduce smoking is to shift the demand curve for cigarettes and other tobacco products. Public service announcements, mandatory health warnings on cigarette packets, and the prohibition of cigarette advertising are all policies aimed at reducing the number of cigarettes demanded at any given price. If successful, these policies shift the demand curve or cigarettes to the left. Alternatively, policymakers can try to raise the price of cigarettes. If the government taxes the manufacture of cigarettes, for example. cigarette companies pass much of this ta on to consumers in the form of higher prices. A higher price encourages smokers to reduce the number of cigarettes they smoke. In this case, the reduced amount of smoking does not represent a shift in the demand curve. Instead, it represents a movement along the same demand curve to a point with a higher price and lower quantity. How much does the amount of smoking respond to changes in the price of cigarettes? Economists have attempted to answer this question by studying what happens when the tax on cigarettes changes. They have found that a 10 percent increase in the price causes a 4 percent reduction in the quantity demanded. Teenagers are found to be especially sensitive to the price of cigarettes - a 10 percent increase in the price causes a 12 percent drop in teenage smoking. A related question is how the price of cigarettes affects the demand for illicit drugs, such as marijuana. Opponents of cigarette taxes often argue that tobacco and marijuana are substitutes, so that high cigarette prices encourage marijuana use. By contrast, many experts on substance abuse view tobacco as a 'gateway drug' leading the young to experiment with other harmful substances. Most studies of the data are consistent with this view - they find that high cigarette prices are associated with reduced use of marijuana. In other words, tobacco and marijuana appear to be complements rather than substitutes.

100 word answer needed from article below:

Question:

Explain whether, and if so, you would expect laws that prohibit smoking in public places to affect the quantity of ciarettes traded in the market.

ARTICLE: Two ways to reduce the quantity of smoking demanded

Public policymakers often want to reduce the amount that people smoke because of smoking's adverse health affects. There are two ways that policy can attempt to achive this goal.

One way to reduce smoking is to shift the demand curve for cigarettes and other tobacco products. Public service announcements, mandatory health warnings on cigarette packets and the prohibition of cigarette advertising are all policies aimed at reducing the quantity of cigarettes demanded at any given price. If successful, these policies shift the demand curve or cigareetes to the left.

Alternatively, policymakers can try to raise the price of cigarettes. If the government taxes the anufacture of cigarettes, for example. cigarette companies pass much of this ta on to consumers in the form of higher prices. A higher price encourages smokers to reduce the amount of cigarettes they smoke. In this case, the reduced amount of smoking does not represent a shift in the demand curve. Instead, it represents a movement along the same demand curve to a point with a higher price and lwoer quantity.

How much does the amount of smoking respond to changes in the price of cigarettes? Economists have attempted to answer this question by studying what happens when the tax on cigarettes changes. They have found that a 10 per cent increase in the price causes a 4 per cent reduction in the quantity demanded. Teenagers are found to be especially sensitive to the price of cigarettes - a 10 per cent increasen in the price causes a 12 per cent drop in teenage smoking.

A related question is how the price of cigarettes affects the demand for illicit drugs, such as marijuana. Opponents of cigarette taxes often argue that tobacco and marijuana are substitutes, so that high cigarette prices encourages marijuana use. By contrast, many experts on substance abuse view tobacco as a 'gateway drug' leading the young to experiment with other harmful substances. Most studies of the data are consistent with this view - they find that high cigarette prices are associated with reduced use of marijuana. In other words, tobacco and marijuana appear to be complements rather than substitutes.